The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China.
The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 12;10:895553. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.895553. eCollection 2022.
The current field of research on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health was mostly limited to the evaluation of the first round of the epidemic, few reports focused on the impact of the re-emergence of COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the mental health literacy and status of residents during the re-outbreak of COVID-19 in China.
The basic information sheet, health literacy survey scale, physical health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), insomnia severity index (ISI), and Alzheimer dementia 8 (AD8) were applied to evaluate the mental health literacy, mental health status and elderly cognitive function, and χ2 test was applied for analysis of the difference between different groups.
A total of 2,306 participants were involved in this study, of which 734 people completed the mental health literacy survey. The qualified rate of mental health literacy was 6.4%. The difference is statistically significant. A total of 1,015 people completed the survey of mental health status, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 8.87%, the monthly income of different families (χ2 = 13.96, = 0.01), the self-assessed health status (χ2 = 128.56, < 0.05), the presence or absence of chronic diseases (χ2 = 4.78, = 0.03), among all which the difference was statistically significant; the prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 3.84%, different regions (χ2 = 12.26, < 0.05), occupations (χ2 = 11.65, < 0.05), household monthly income (χ2 = 12.65, = 0.01), self-rated health status (χ2 = 151.11, < 0.05), and chronic diseases (χ2 = 7.77, = 0.01), among all which the differences were statistically significant. The prevalence of insomnia symptoms was 7.98%, different age (χ2 = 18.45, < 0.05), region (χ2 = 5.11, = 0.02), monthly household income (χ2 = 12.68 = 0.01), and self-assessed health status (χ2 = 91.71, < 0.05), in which there was a statistically significant difference between those with or without chronic diseases (χ2 = 3 3.25, < 0.05). A total of 557 elderly people over 65 years old completed the cognitive dysfunction screening, in which the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction was 17.41%, and the difference was statistically significant at the different self-assessed health status (χ2 = 96.24, < 0.05) and with or without chronic diseases (χ2 = 107.09, < 0.05).
The mental health literacy and status of residents have not improved significantly during the second outbreak of the epidemic, indicating that under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, more attention should be paid to the mental health of residents, and targeted health education and psychological intervention should be carried out to avoid relative adverse events.
当前关于 COVID-19 对心理健康影响的研究领域主要局限于对第一轮疫情的评估，很少有报道关注 COVID-19 再次出现的影响。本研究旨在调查中国 COVID-19 再次爆发期间居民的心理健康素养和状况。
应用基本信息表、健康素养调查量表、健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑障碍-7（GAD-7）、失眠严重程度指数（ISI）和阿尔茨海默病 8（AD8）评估心理健康素养、心理健康状况和老年认知功能，采用 χ2 检验分析不同组间的差异。
共有 2306 名参与者参与了本研究，其中 734 人完成了心理健康素养调查。心理健康素养合格率为 6.4%。差异有统计学意义。共有 1015 人完成了心理健康状况调查，抑郁症状的患病率为 8.87%，不同家庭的月收入（χ2 = 13.96， = 0.01）、自我评估健康状况（χ2 = 128.56， < 0.05）、是否存在慢性病（χ2 = 4.78， = 0.03），差异均有统计学意义；焦虑症状的患病率为 3.84%，不同地区（χ2 = 12.26， < 0.05）、职业（χ2 = 11.65， < 0.05）、家庭月收入（χ2 = 12.65， = 0.01）、自我评估健康状况（χ2 = 151.11， < 0.05）和慢性病（χ2 = 7.77， = 0.01），差异均有统计学意义。失眠症状的患病率为 7.98%，不同年龄（χ2 = 18.45， < 0.05）、地区（χ2 = 5.11， = 0.02）、家庭月收入（χ2 = 12.68， = 0.01）和自我评估健康状况（χ2 = 91.71， < 0.05），差异均有统计学意义，其中有无慢性病之间差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 33.25， < 0.05）。共有 557 名 65 岁以上的老年人完成了认知功能障碍筛查，认知功能障碍的患病率为 17.41%，差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 96.24， < 0.05）和有无慢性病（χ2 = 107.09， < 0.05）。
第二次疫情爆发期间，居民的心理健康素养和状况并未显著改善，这表明在疫情防控常态化下，应更加关注居民的心理健康，开展有针对性的健康教育和心理干预，避免发生相对不良事件。
