Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Rd., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0Y9.
Food Virology National Reference Centre, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, St-Hyacinthe Laboratory, 3400 Casavant Boulevard West, St-Hyacinthe J2S 8E3, QC, Canada.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2022 Oct 16;379:109840. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109840. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
Between 2016 and 2021, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) collected 4218 samples of fresh and frozen berries (blackberries, blueberries, raspberries, strawberries and mixed berries) and pomegranate arils at retail across 11 major cities in Canada and tested these samples for the presence of norovirus GI, norovirus GII and hepatitis A virus RNA. The purpose of this testing was to provide information on the prevalence of these viruses in berries and pomegranate arils on the Canadian marketplace. Of the 926 fresh fruit samples tested, norovirus GI RNA was detected in one raspberry sample and norovirus GII RNA was detected in one strawberry sample. Of the 3292 frozen fruit samples tested, norovirus GI RNA was detected in one blackberry sample, one raspberry sample and one strawberry sample, and norovirus GII RNA was detected in one blueberry sample, three raspberry samples, four strawberry samples, one pomegranate arils sample and one mixed berry sample. None of the fresh or frozen fruit samples tested positive for hepatitis A virus RNA. No statistically significant associations were observed between the prevalence of viral RNA in samples of fresh and frozen fruit, between the prevalence of viral RNA in samples of domestic and imported fruit or between the prevalence of viral RNA in samples of specific fruit types. Overall, the prevalence of norovirus GI and GII RNA together in fresh and frozen fruit samples in Canada was 0.36 %. The results of this study may be used to refine surveillance programs for norovirus and hepatitis A virus in fresh and frozen berries and pomegranate arils, e.g. by adapting the commodities tested and/or the numbers of planned samples to better target these hazards. This information may also be used to inform other Government of Canada approaches to better understand the controls associated norovirus and hepatitis A virus in fresh and frozen berries and pomegranate arils.
2016 年至 2021 年期间，加拿大食品检验局（CFIA）在加拿大 11 个主要城市的零售点收集了 4218 份新鲜和冷冻浆果（黑莓、蓝莓、覆盆子、草莓和混合浆果）和石榴籽样本，并对这些样本进行了诺如病毒 GI、诺如病毒 GII 和甲型肝炎病毒 RNA 的检测。本次检测的目的是提供加拿大市场上浆果和石榴籽中这些病毒的流行情况信息。在 926 份新鲜水果样本中，一份覆盆子样本中检测到诺如病毒 GI RNA，一份草莓样本中检测到诺如病毒 GII RNA。在 3292 份冷冻水果样本中，一份黑莓样本、一份覆盆子样本和一份草莓样本中检测到诺如病毒 GI RNA，一份蓝莓样本、三份覆盆子样本、四份草莓样本、一份石榴籽样本和一份混合浆果样本中检测到诺如病毒 GII RNA。所有新鲜或冷冻水果样本均未检测到甲型肝炎病毒 RNA 呈阳性。未观察到新鲜和冷冻水果样本中病毒 RNA 流行率之间、国产和进口水果样本中病毒 RNA 流行率之间以及特定水果类型样本中病毒 RNA 流行率之间存在统计学显著关联。总体而言，加拿大新鲜和冷冻水果样本中诺如病毒 GI 和 GII RNA 的总流行率为 0.36%。本研究结果可用于改进加拿大新鲜和冷冻浆果及石榴籽中诺如病毒和甲型肝炎病毒的监测计划，例如调整检测的商品和/或计划样本的数量，以更好地针对这些危害。这些信息也可用于告知加拿大政府的其他方法，以更好地了解新鲜和冷冻浆果及石榴籽中与诺如病毒和甲型肝炎病毒相关的控制措施。
