Thermal Physics, Acoustics and Environment Department in Building Research Institute (ITB), st. Filtrowa 1, Warsaw 00-611, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Nov 20;848:157275. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157275. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
The results of a quantitative analysis of asbestos content in the ground with varying degrees of concentration of this mineral as a result of natural phenomena such as rock weathering, contamination by the manufacture of asbestos and cement products, and the many years of use of "eternit roofs" are presented. Preliminary thermal treatment, soil grinding and sieving were used for the determinations, followed by electrostatic separation in order to obtain the concentration of asbestos in a smaller volume. It was used for microscopic preparations for the identification and planimetry of asbestos. A polarizing optical microscope was used in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. The levels of re-emission of asbestos dust into the air as a result of the exploitation of contaminated soil were estimated. Polluted land in industrially areas, at a distance of up to 1200 m, contains 0.0003 % to 0.02 % asbestos. The content of 0.01 % asbestos does not require remediation in the absence of soil use. It may cause <500 fibres/m. Removing the facade of asbestos-cement panels from the building at a distance of up to 10 m resulted in concentration <0.007 % of free asbestos in the ground, and for used roofs <0.001 % from above the distance of 3 m. This means that land in the vicinity of buildings with facade or roofing made of a-c products can be safely exploited. The direct discharge of rainwater from the gutter into the ground, however, contaminates it well above this value and those places should be treated as hazardous waste due to the presence of asbestos fibres in unbound form, containing <9,8 %. Ultimately, the size of the threat depends on many factors and can be comparable with the pollution of industrial production.
本文呈现了对不同程度含有这种矿物质的土壤中石棉含量的定量分析结果。这些结果是由于自然现象如岩石风化、石棉和水泥产品制造过程中的污染以及多年来使用“ eternit 屋顶”等原因造成的。初步的热处理、土壤研磨和筛分用于测定，然后进行静电分离，以获得较小体积内的石棉浓度。它用于显微镜准备，以识别和平面测量石棉。使用偏光显微镜进行定性和定量分析。估计了由于污染土壤的开采而导致石棉粉尘重新释放到空气中的水平。在工业区域，距离可达 1200 米的污染土地含有 0.0003%至 0.02%的石棉。在没有土壤使用的情况下，含量为 0.01%的石棉不需要修复。它可能会导致 <500 根/米。从距离建筑物 10 米的位置拆除石棉水泥板的外墙，导致地面上的游离石棉浓度<0.007%，而对于使用过的屋顶，距离 3 米以上的浓度<0.001%。这意味着在建筑物附近有 a-c 产品制成的外墙或屋顶的土地可以安全开发。然而，直接从排水沟将雨水排入地下会使土地受到严重污染，由于存在未结合的含有 <9.8%的石棉纤维，这些地方应被视为危险废物。最终，威胁的大小取决于许多因素，并且可以与工业生产的污染相媲美。
