HIV 阳性女性使用双重避孕措施及相关预测因素：一项病例对照研究。

Dual contraceptives and associated predictors in HIV positive women: a case-control study.

机构信息

School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.

Hossana Health Center, Hossana, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Reprod Health. 2022 Jul 29;19(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12978-022-01475-x.

DOI:10.1186/s12978-022-01475-x

PMID:35906704

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9336104/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

People living with the human immune deficiency virus (PLHIV) are an important group to address HIV prevention. Mostly, 90% of the HIV cases in children are usually through mother-to-child transmission. Dual contraception (barrier condoms i.e., male, and female condoms) are one of the most effective ways to avoid HIV transmission. Thus, the present study was carried out to establish the predictors associated with the use of dual contraceptives in sexually active HIV positive women in Hossana, Southern Ethiopia.

METHODS

An institution based unmatched case-control study among randomly selected 312 sexually active HIV positive women was conducted from February 2021 to May 2021. The data were collected through structured questionnaire and anti-retroviral treatment (ART) cards considering the case-to-control ratio of 1:3. The information was coded, entered into Epi-Info7.0 and exported to SPSS 20.0 for further analysis. A P-value < 0.25 in bi-variate analysis was further processed for multi-variate analysis and P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

A response rate of 97.2% was recorded. A significant difference was observed towards the use of dual contraceptives in sexually active HIV positive women living in urban vs rural areas (AOR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.09-0.84), having sexual intercourse with a regular partner (AOR = 3.77; 95% CI = 1.48-9.55) and taking first initiation to use (AOR = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.02-0.11).

CONCLUSION

The determinants associated with lower use of dual contraceptives were residing in rural areas, sexual intercourse with a regular partner and low initiation rate at first time for use of dual contraceptives. Therefore, we strongly recommend that open discussion about sexually transmitted infections like HIV and their prevention, providing adequate facilities in rural areas can help to prevent HIV transmission and reduce the disease burden. The health professionals are encouraged to organize awareness campaigns in rural areas for use of dual contraceptives among PLHIV.

摘要

背景

携带人类免疫缺陷病毒（PLHIV）的人是解决 HIV 预防问题的重要群体。大多数情况下，儿童中的 90%的 HIV 病例通常是通过母婴传播。双重避孕（屏障避孕套，即男用和女用避孕套）是避免 HIV 传播的最有效方法之一。因此，本研究旨在确定与在霍萨纳（埃塞俄比亚南部）活跃的 HIV 阳性妇女中使用双重避孕措施相关的预测因素。

方法

这是一项 2021 年 2 月至 5 月在随机选择的 312 名活跃的 HIV 阳性妇女中进行的基于机构的不匹配病例对照研究。通过结构问卷和抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）卡收集数据，考虑病例对照比为 1:3。信息进行编码后，输入 Epi-Info7.0 并导出到 SPSS 20.0 进行进一步分析。双变量分析中 P 值<0.25 的项目进一步进行多变量分析，P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

记录到 97.2%的应答率。在居住在城市与农村地区的活跃的 HIV 阳性妇女中，在使用双重避孕措施方面存在显著差异（AOR=0.28；95%CI=0.09-0.84），与固定伴侣发生性行为（AOR=3.77；95%CI=1.48-9.55）和首次开始使用（AOR=0.05；95%CI=0.02-0.11）。

结论

与较低使用双重避孕措施相关的决定因素是居住在农村地区、与固定伴侣发生性行为和首次开始使用双重避孕措施的低初始率。因此，我们强烈建议对 HIV 等性传播感染及其预防进行公开讨论，在农村地区提供充足的设施可以帮助预防 HIV 传播并减轻疾病负担。鼓励卫生专业人员在农村地区组织提高认识运动，促进 PLHIV 使用双重避孕措施。