Wang Yuan, Wang Yan, Li Wen, Wu Dawei, Zhao Ning, Zhu Chunling
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China; Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing 210016, China.
Ultrasonics. 2022 Dec;126:106804. doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2022.106804. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
This study proposes an ultrasonic pulse-echo technique to examine the freezing characteristics of a thin film of water over ice, and uses it to develop a method to measure the thickness of glaze ice. A multilayer model is first introduced to simulate ultrasonic transmission through multiple media. A transition layer is then inserted between the layers of ice and water, and its properties were in gradient form along the direction of thickness. Following this, a high-frequency ultrasonic experimental device is developed to dynamically measure variations in the thickness of the layers of ice and water. The accuracy of the proposed model of the transition layer was validated by showing that its numerical results agreed well with those of experiments. The results show that the amplitude of echo from the top of the ice layer was at its minimum when the thickness of the film of water was in the range of [40, 45] μm, and increased when the film of water was thinner than 40 μm. A delay in echo from the top of the layer of ice was observed when measuring its thickness because the film of water froze, which yielded a relative error of 3.34%. The proposed numerical model can thus efficiently measure the thickness of glaze ice.
本研究提出一种超声脉冲回波技术来检测冰上薄水膜的冻结特性，并利用该技术开发一种测量 glaze 冰厚度的方法。首先引入多层模型来模拟超声波在多种介质中的传播。然后在冰和水层之间插入一个过渡层，其特性沿厚度方向呈梯度形式。在此基础上，开发了一种高频超声实验装置来动态测量冰和水层厚度的变化。通过表明其数值结果与实验结果吻合良好，验证了所提出的过渡层模型的准确性。结果表明，当水膜厚度在[40, 45]μm范围内时，冰层顶部回波的幅度最小，而当水膜比40μm薄时回波幅度增大。在测量冰层厚度时，由于水膜冻结，观察到冰层顶部回波出现延迟，产生了3.34%的相对误差。因此，所提出的数值模型能够有效地测量 glaze 冰的厚度。
