Smirnov Andrey, Anisimkin Vladimir, Ageykin Nikita, Datsuk Elizaveta, Kuznetsova Iren
Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, Moscow 125009, Russia.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Dec 13;24(24):7969. doi: 10.3390/s24247969.
An important technical task is to develop methods for recording the phase transitions of water to ice. At present, many sensors based on various types of acoustic waves are suggested for solving this challenge. This paper focuses on the theoretical and experimental study of the effect of water-to-ice phase transition on the properties of Lamb and quasi shear horizontal (QSH) acoustic waves of a higher order propagating in different directions in piezoelectric plates with strong anisotropy. Y-cut , 128Y-cut , and 36Y-cut plates with a thickness of 500 μm and 350 μm were used as piezoelectric substrates. It was shown that the amplitude of the waves under study can decrease, increase, or remain relatively stable due to the water-to-ice phase transition, depending on the propagation direction and mode order. The greatest decrease in amplitude (42.1 dB) due to glaciation occurred for Lamb waves with a frequency of 40.53 MHz and propagating in the YX+30° plate. The smallest change in the amplitude (0.9 dB) due to glaciation was observed for QSH waves at 56.5 MHz propagating in the YX+60° plate. Additionally, it was also found that, in the YX+30° plate, the water-to-ice transition results in the complete absorption of all acoustic waves within the specified frequency range (10-60 MHz), with the exception of one. The phase velocities, electromechanical coupling coefficients, elastic polarizations, and attenuation of the waves under study were calculated. The structures "air-piezoelectric plate-air", "air-piezoelectric plate-liquid", and "air-piezoelectric plate-ice" were considered. The results obtained can be used to develop methods for detecting ice formation and measuring its parameters.
一项重要的技术任务是开发记录水向冰相变的方法。目前，人们提出了许多基于各种类型声波的传感器来应对这一挑战。本文重点研究了水 - 冰相变对在具有强各向异性的压电板中沿不同方向传播的高阶兰姆波和准剪切水平（QSH）声波特性的影响。使用厚度为500μm和350μm的Y切、128Y切和36Y切板作为压电基底。结果表明，由于水 - 冰相变，所研究波的幅度可能会减小、增大或保持相对稳定，这取决于传播方向和模式阶数。对于频率为40.53MHz且在YX + 30°板中传播的兰姆波，结冰导致的幅度最大降幅为42.1dB。对于在YX + 60°板中传播的56.5MHz的QSH波，观察到结冰导致的幅度最小变化为0.9dB。此外，还发现，在YX + 30°板中，水 - 冰相变导致在指定频率范围（10 - 60MHz）内除一种声波外的所有声波完全被吸收。计算了所研究波的相速度、机电耦合系数、弹性极化和衰减。考虑了“空气 - 压电板 - 空气”、“空气 - 压电板 - 液体”和“空气 - 压电板 - 冰”结构。所得结果可用于开发检测结冰及其参数测量的方法。
