Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2022 Sep;43(9):696-705. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2022.07.001. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
Innate immunity is an intrinsic baseline defense in cells, with its earliest origins in bacteria, and with key roles in defense against pathogens and in the activation of B and T cell responses. In mammals, the efficacy of innate immunity in initiating the cascades that lead to pathogen control results from the interplay of transcriptomic, epigenomic, and proteomic responses regulating immune activation and long-lived pathogen-specific memory responses. Recent studies suggest that intrinsic innate immunity is modulated by individual exposure histories - prior infections, vaccinations, and metabolites of microbial origin - and this promotes, or impairs, the development of efficacious innate immune responses. Understanding how environmental factors regulate innate immunity and boost protection from infection or response to vaccination could be a valuable tool for pandemic preparedness.
先天免疫是细胞内固有的基础防御机制，其最早起源于细菌，并在防御病原体和激活 B 细胞和 T 细胞反应方面发挥着关键作用。在哺乳动物中，先天免疫在启动导致病原体控制的级联反应中的功效来自于转录组、表观基因组和蛋白质组反应的相互作用，这些反应调节免疫激活和持久的病原体特异性记忆反应。最近的研究表明，先天免疫的固有性质受到个体暴露史的调节——先前的感染、疫苗接种和微生物来源的代谢物——这促进或损害了有效先天免疫反应的发展。了解环境因素如何调节先天免疫并增强对感染的保护或对疫苗接种的反应，可能是大流行准备的一个有价值的工具。
