Shosha Eslam, Aljarallah Salman A, Al Fugham Norah, Al-Jedai Ahmed H, Al Luqmani Majed M, Al Malik Yaser M, Al Mudaiheem Hajer Y, Al Otaibi Hessa S, Al Thekair Faisal Y, Al Thubaiti Ibtisam A, Al Yafeai Rumaiza H, Ben Slimane Nabila S, Bunyan Reem F, Cupler Edward J, Mubarki Sultan M, Saeedi Jameelah A, Al Jumah Mohammad A
Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, HHSC, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Oct;66:104062. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104062. Epub 2022 Jul 16.
This article focuses on the diagnosis and management of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). NMOSD is an autoimmune, demyelinating condition characterized by inflammation of the optic nerve and/or the spinal cord, with symptoms that can range from mild impairment of movement to paralysis. The newly approved diagnostic criteria have improved the accuracy of NMOSD diagnosis. The management of NMOSD is under major revolution due to the many new therapeutic options. The role of the antibodies directed at aquaporin-4 (AQP4) has materialized as a biomarker for NMOSD. Several new treatments that target variable aspects in immunopathology such as IL-6, complement, or depletion of B cells are emerging. The management of AQP4-negative patients remains challenging.
本文聚焦于视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（NMOSD）的诊断与管理。NMOSD是一种自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病，其特征为视神经和/或脊髓炎症，症状范围从轻微运动障碍到瘫痪。新批准的诊断标准提高了NMOSD诊断的准确性。由于众多新的治疗选择，NMOSD的管理正经历重大变革。针对水通道蛋白4（AQP4）的抗体已成为NMOSD的生物标志物。针对免疫病理学中不同方面（如白细胞介素-6、补体或B细胞耗竭）的几种新治疗方法正在出现。AQP4阴性患者的管理仍然具有挑战性。
