Biagioni Silvia, Baldini Federica, Baroni Marina, Cerrai Sonia, Melis Francesca, Potente Roberta, Scalese Marco, Molinaro Sabrina
Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Child Youth Care Forum. 2023;52(3):641-659. doi: 10.1007/s10566-022-09701-0. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
Italy was one of the first European countries to be affected by Covid-19. Due to the severity of the pandemic, the Italian government imposed a nationwide lockdown which had a great impact on the population, especially adolescents. Distance-learning, moving restrictions and pandemic-related concerns, resulted in a particularly stressful situation.
This cross-sectional study aims to analyse substance consumption and its associated factors during the Covid-19 lockdown imposed by the Italian government.
ESPAD is a questionnaire that is administered yearly in Italian high schools. In 2020, it was administered online during dedicated hours of distance learning, collecting data from 6027 Italian students (52.4% were male) aged 15-19. Data collected from the 2020 questionnaire was matched with that collected in 2019, in order to make them comparable.
The prevalence of consumption of each substance decreased during the restriction period, and the most used substance during the lockdown period was alcohol (43.1%). There were some changes in factors associated with psychoactive substance use, especially painkillers and non-prescription drugs. For instance, unlike what was observed in the 2019 model, in 2020 spending money without parental control was associated with painkillers and non-prescription drug use while risk perception was not.
The restrictions and the increased difficulties in obtaining psychoactive substances did not prevent their consumption, and students with particular risk factors continued to use them, possibly changing the substance type of substance. This information is useful in order to better understand adolescents' substance use during the ongoing pandemic.
意大利是最早受到新冠疫情影响的欧洲国家之一。由于疫情的严重性，意大利政府实施了全国范围的封锁，这对民众产生了巨大影响，尤其是青少年。远程学习、出行限制以及与疫情相关的担忧，导致了一种特别紧张的局面。
这项横断面研究旨在分析意大利政府实施新冠疫情封锁期间的物质消费及其相关因素。
欧洲学校学生酒精和其他药物调查（ESPAD）是一份每年在意大利高中进行的调查问卷。2020年，在远程学习的特定时间段内通过网络进行调查，收集了6027名年龄在15至19岁的意大利学生的数据（其中52.4%为男性）。将2020年调查问卷收集的数据与2019年收集的数据进行匹配，以便进行比较。
在限制期内，每种物质的消费流行率均有所下降，封锁期间使用最多的物质是酒精（43.1%）。与精神活性物质使用相关的因素出现了一些变化，尤其是止痛药和非处方药。例如，与2019年模型中观察到的情况不同，2020年在没有父母控制的情况下花钱与止痛药和非处方药的使用有关，而风险认知则无关。
限制措施以及获取精神活性物质难度的增加并未阻止其消费，具有特定风险因素的学生继续使用这些物质，可能还改变了使用的物质类型。这些信息有助于更好地了解疫情期间青少年的物质使用情况。
