Wasilewski Tomasz, Hordyjewicz-Baran Zofia, Zarębska Magdalena, Zajszły-Turko Ewa, Zimoch Jolanta, Kanios Anna, De Barros Sanches Mano
Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Chrobrego 27, 26-600 Radom, Poland.
Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", Energetykow 9, 47-225 Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland.
ACS Omega. 2022 Jul 12;7(29):25046-25054. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01029. eCollection 2022 Jul 26.
Detergents containing abrasive talc particles for washing fruits and vegetables were designed and investigated. Detergent prototypes were developed with the following composition: 40% talc particles, 1.5% surfactants, 5% ethyl alcohol, 1% sodium citrate, 1% sodium carbonate, 1.5% glycerin, and 0.5% preservative. Xanthan gum (0.5% concentration) was used as a viscosity modifier to stabilize the dispersion of talc particles. Three types of detergent prototypes were prepared, differing in the size of the talc particles. The following fractions were used: 50-125, 250-500, and 710-1000 μm. The particle size effect on the effectiveness of the removal of surface pesticide residues was investigated. A specially developed methodology was used. Three types of pesticides (boscalid, acetamiprid, and pyraclostrobin) were applied to a cherry tomato, tangerine, and cucumber, and then a model washing process was performed using the developed detergents. The changes in the pesticide content on the surface of fruit and vegetables were assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Detergents with talc particles of sizes 50-125 and 250-500 μm were more efficient in the removal of pesticide residues from the surface of fruit and vegetables compared to detergents with 710-1000 μm talc particles.
设计并研究了含有磨料滑石颗粒的水果和蔬菜洗涤用洗涤剂。开发了具有以下成分的洗涤剂原型：40%滑石颗粒、1.5%表面活性剂、5%乙醇、1%柠檬酸钠、1%碳酸钠、1.5%甘油和0.5%防腐剂。使用浓度为0.5%的黄原胶作为粘度调节剂来稳定滑石颗粒的分散。制备了三种类型的洗涤剂原型，滑石颗粒大小不同。使用了以下粒径范围：50 - 125、250 - 500和710 - 1000μm。研究了颗粒大小对去除表面农药残留效果的影响。采用了专门开发的方法。将三种类型的农药（啶酰菌胺、啶虫脒和吡唑醚菌酯）施用于樱桃番茄、橘子和黄瓜上，然后使用所开发的洗涤剂进行模拟洗涤过程。通过液相色谱 - 串联质谱法评估水果和蔬菜表面农药含量的变化。与含有710 - 1000μm滑石颗粒的洗涤剂相比，含有50 - 125μm和250 - 500μm滑石颗粒的洗涤剂在去除水果和蔬菜表面农药残留方面更有效。
