Dhall Ruchi, Dhongdi Sarang
Department of EEE, BITS Pilani - K K Birla Goa Campus, Sancoale, Goa 403726 India.
Arch Comput Methods Eng. 2023;30(1):37-68. doi: 10.1007/s11831-022-09791-y. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
When disasters such as floods or earthquakes occur, we may not have a support of regular infrastructure based networks. This proves fatal because people who are trapped can not be easily located by search and rescue team. In such cases, airborne network consisting of miniaturized drones can be extremely beneficial in providing quick and effective coverage of the affected area, in an on-demand manner providing instant insights to rescue teams. While the challenges offered by such networks are plenty, the ongoing research and development shows promise to make such a technology more reliable and effective. In this paper, we discuss various disaster events in which network of drones can play a vital role in offering support to rescue operations. Mainly, the article discusses the protocols proposed by researchers for various layers of protocol stack including physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, application layer along with clustering protocols, time synchronization protocols and localization protocols. Finally, a brief summary of software simulation platforms and testbeds, along with future trends of Flying Ad-hoc networks have been provided.
当洪水或地震等灾害发生时，我们可能无法获得基于常规基础设施的网络支持。这被证明是致命的，因为被困人员难以被搜救队轻易定位。在这种情况下，由小型无人机组成的空中网络在以按需方式为受灾地区提供快速有效的覆盖范围、为救援团队提供即时洞察方面可能极其有益。虽然此类网络带来的挑战众多，但正在进行的研发显示出有望使这种技术更加可靠和有效。在本文中，我们讨论了各种灾害事件，其中无人机网络在为救援行动提供支持方面可以发挥至关重要的作用。主要地，本文讨论了研究人员针对协议栈各层（包括物理层、数据链路层、网络层、传输层、应用层）提出的协议，以及聚类协议、时间同步协议和定位协议。最后，提供了软件仿真平台和测试平台的简要概述，以及飞行自组织网络的未来趋势。
