1.DMAT Secretariat,Disaster Medical Center of Japan,Tachikawa, Tokyo,Japan.
2.Department of Emergency Medicine,Japan Red Cross Medical Center,Tokyo,Japan.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019 Apr;34(2):149-154. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X19000177. Epub 2019 Apr 14.
The aim of this study was to identify disaster medical operation improvements from the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake (Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan) and to extract further lessons learned to prepare for future expected major earthquakes.
The records of communications logs, chronological transitions of chain of command, and team registration logs for the Disaster Medical Assistant Team (DMAT), as well as other disaster medical relief teams, were evaluated.
A total of 466 DMAT teams and 2,071 DMAT team members were deployed to the Kumamoto area, and 1,894 disaster medical relief teams and 8,471 disaster medical relief team member deployments followed. The DMAT established a medical coordination command post at several key disaster hospitals to designate medical coverage areas. The DMAT evacuated over 1,400 patients from damaged hospitals, transported medical supplies to affected hospitals, and coordinated 14 doctor helicopters used for severe patient transport. To keep constant medical and public health operations, DMAT provided medical coordination management until the local medical coordination was on-track. Several logistic teams, which are highly trained on operation and management of medical coordination command, were dispatched to assist management operation. The DMAT also helped to establish Disaster Coordination and Management Council at the prefectural- and municipal-level, and also coordinated command control for public health operations. The DMAT could provide not only medical assistance at the acute phase of the disaster, but also could provide medical coordination for public health and welfare.
During the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, needs of public health and welfare increased enormously due to the sudden evacuation of a large number of residents. To provide constant medical assistance at the disaster area, DMAT, logistic teams, and other disaster medical relief teams must operate constant coordination at the medical headquarter command. For future expected major earthquakes in Japan, it will be required to educate and secure high enough numbers of disaster medical assistance and health care personnel to provide continuous medical and public health care for the affected area residents.Kondo H, Koido Y, Kawashima Y, Kohayagawa Y, Misaki M, Takahashi A, Kondo Y, Chishima K, Toyokuni Y. Consideration of medical and public health coordination - experience from the 2016 Kumamoto, Japan Earthquake. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(2):149-154.
本研究旨在从 2016 年熊本地震（日本熊本县）中发现灾难医疗运作的改进，并吸取进一步的经验教训，为未来预期的大地震做好准备。
评估了灾害医疗辅助队（DMAT）以及其他灾害医疗救援队伍的通讯日志记录、指挥系统的时间顺序转变和队伍登记日志。
共有 466 个 DMAT 队伍和 2071 名 DMAT 队员被部署到熊本地区，随后又有 1894 个灾害医疗救援队伍和 8471 名灾害医疗救援队员被部署。DMAT 在几家重点受灾医院设立了医疗协调指挥所，指定医疗覆盖区域。DMAT 从受损医院疏散了 1400 多名患者，向受灾医院运送了医疗用品，并协调了 14 架用于重症患者转运的医生直升机。为了保持持续的医疗和公共卫生行动，DMAT 提供了医疗协调管理，直到当地医疗协调步入正轨。几个后勤团队被派往协助管理行动，这些团队在医疗协调指挥的操作和管理方面受过高度训练。DMAT 还协助在县和市两级建立灾害协调和管理委员会，并协调公共卫生行动的指挥控制。DMAT 不仅可以在灾难的急性期提供医疗援助，还可以为公共卫生和福利提供医疗协调。
在 2016 年熊本地震期间，由于大量居民突然撤离，公共卫生和福利的需求大大增加。为了在灾区提供持续的医疗援助，DMAT、后勤团队和其他灾害医疗救援队伍必须在医疗总部指挥所进行持续的协调。对于日本未来预期的大地震，需要教育和确保足够数量的灾害医疗援助和医疗保健人员，为受灾地区居民提供持续的医疗和公共卫生保健。
