Sleboda Patrycja, Bruine de Bruin Wändi, Arangua Lisa, Gutsche Tania
Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 14;9:894557. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.894557. eCollection 2022.
To inform dietary interventions, it is important to understand antecedents of recommended (henceforth: healthy) dietary behaviors, beyond dietary beliefs and self-efficacy. We used the validated "Eating Identity Type Inventory" to assess the extent to which participants identified as healthy eaters, meat eaters, emotional eaters or picky eaters. We examined correlations between participants' race/ethnicity and other socio-demographic characteristics and affinity with these eating identities, how affinity with these eating identities correlated with self-reports of dietary beliefs, self-efficacy, dietary behaviors and Body Mass Index (BMI), and how well affinity with these eating identities predicted self-reported dietary behaviors and BMI, as compared to self-reported dietary beliefs and self-efficacy.
In an online survey, a diverse sample of 340 Los Angeles County adults reported eating identities, dietary beliefs, and self-efficacy, dietary behaviors and BMI.
Pearson correlations revealed that identifying more as a healthy eater was positively associated with self-reports of being non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic mixed race, older, and college-educated, while identifying more as a meat eater was positively associated with self-reports of being non-Hispanic Black, younger, and male (α = 0.05). Pearson correlations also showed that healthy eaters had more accurate dietary beliefs and self-efficacy, and emotional eaters had lower self-efficacy (α = 0.05). In linear regressions, identifying more as a healthy eater was associated with self-reporting healthier dietary behaviors and lower BMI, and identifying more as a meat eater and emotional eater was associated with reporting less healthy dietary behaviors and higher BMI, even after accounting for correlations with socio-demographics, dietary beliefs, and self-efficacy (α = 0.05).
Our findings highlight the importance of eating identities in understanding dietary behaviors and outcomes, with implications for dietary interventions.
为了指导饮食干预，了解推荐的（以下简称：健康的）饮食行为的前因很重要，这超出了饮食观念和自我效能的范畴。我们使用经过验证的“饮食身份类型量表”来评估参与者将自己认定为健康饮食者、肉食者、情绪化饮食者或挑食者的程度。我们研究了参与者的种族/民族和其他社会人口学特征与这些饮食身份的关联度，这些饮食身份的关联度与饮食观念、自我效能、饮食行为和体重指数（BMI）的自我报告之间的相关性，以及与自我报告的饮食观念和自我效能相比，这些饮食身份的关联度对自我报告的饮食行为和BMI的预测效果如何。
在一项在线调查中，340名洛杉矶县成年人的多样化样本报告了他们的饮食身份、饮食观念、自我效能、饮食行为和BMI。
皮尔逊相关性分析显示，更多地将自己认定为健康饮食者与非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔混血、年龄较大和受过大学教育的自我报告呈正相关，而更多地将自己认定为肉食者与非西班牙裔黑人、较年轻和男性的自我报告呈正相关（α = 0.05）。皮尔逊相关性分析还表明，健康饮食者有更准确的饮食观念和自我效能，而情绪化饮食者的自我效能较低（α = 0.05）。在线性回归分析中，即使在考虑了与社会人口学、饮食观念和自我效能的相关性之后，更多地将自己认定为健康饮食者与自我报告的更健康的饮食行为和更低的BMI相关，而更多地将自己认定为肉食者和情绪化饮食者与报告的不太健康的饮食行为和更高的BMI相关（α = 0.05）。
我们的研究结果突出了饮食身份在理解饮食行为和结果方面的重要性，对饮食干预具有启示意义。
