Carruth B R, Skinner J, Houck K, Moran J, Coletta F, Ott D
Nutrition Department, College of Human Ecology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-1900, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1998 Apr;17(2):180-6. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1998.10718744.
To determine if toddlers who were considered "picky eaters" had lower dietary scores than non-picky eaters, and if family environment and socioeconomic status were significantly related to picky eater status and dietary scores.
An incomplete block design provided two interviews at randomly assigned times (24, 28, 32, or 36 months) of Caucasian mothers from upper socioeconomic (n=74) and lower socioeconomic status (n=44). Using trained interviewers, 6 days of food intake, two administrations of a questionnaire about toddler's eating behavior, and one administration of the Family Environment Scales were collected in the home. MANOVA, discriminant function analysis, and logistic regression procedures were used to determine significant differences between picky and non-picky eater groups.
Picky eaters had lower dietary variety (p=.03) and diversity scores (p=.009) than non-picky eaters. Mothers of picky eaters compared to those of non-picky eaters used persuasion (p=.0001) and ranked their child's eating behaviors as more problematic (p=.0001).
Toddlers perceived by their mothers as picky eaters had significantly lower dietary variety and diversity scores. Parents need information and strategies to increase the number of foods acceptable to their toddlers and to develop a sound feeding plan.
确定被认为是“挑食者”的幼儿的饮食得分是否低于非挑食者，以及家庭环境和社会经济地位是否与挑食者状态和饮食得分显著相关。
采用不完全区组设计，在随机分配的时间（24、28、32或36个月）对来自社会经济地位较高（n = 74）和较低（n = 44）的白人母亲进行两次访谈。由经过培训的访谈员在家庭中收集6天的食物摄入量、两份关于幼儿饮食行为的问卷以及一份家庭环境量表。使用多变量方差分析、判别函数分析和逻辑回归程序来确定挑食者和非挑食者组之间的显著差异。
挑食者的饮食种类（p = 0.03）和多样性得分（p = 0.009）低于非挑食者。与非挑食者的母亲相比，挑食者的母亲使用劝说手段（p = 0.0001），并将孩子的饮食行为评为问题更大（p = 0.0001）。
被母亲认为是挑食者的幼儿的饮食种类和多样性得分显著较低。家长需要信息和策略来增加幼儿可接受的食物数量，并制定合理的喂养计划。
