Sulfated Polysaccharides Derived from and Their Potential of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticoagulant Activities with Docking.

Carrageenan, a sulfated polysaccharide, was produced by certain species of marine red seaweeds, which have been used as a significant source of food, feed, and antibiotic agent throughout history due to their alleged human health benefits. The present study aimed to derive the polysaccharides from and describe the biological applications. Carrageenan was characterized by FT-IR, C-NMR, AFM, and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticoagulant capabilities; furthermore, the larvicidal effect of methanol extract was generated from the seaweed against larvae at various concentrations. The molecular docking experiments were carried out computationally for finding the molecular insight of the macromolecules and small molecules' interaction using GLIDE docking by using Schrodinger software. Antibacterial zones of inhibition in different concentrations are compared with the 40 mg/mL higher activity against bacterial pathogens. Carrageenan is strong in all antioxidant activities, with the overall antioxidant (70.1 ± 0.61%) of radical at 250 g/mL concentration being exhibited. The DPPH scavenging is effective in the inhibition of (65.74 ± 0.58%) radical at a concentration of 160 g/mL and the hydroxyl scavenging (65.72 ± 0.60%) of activity at a concentration of 125 g/mL being exhibited. Anticoagulant activities (APPT and PT) of carrageenan fraction were tested. and heparin sulphate shows higher activity of APTT (106.50 IU at 25 g/mL) in comparison with the PT test (57.86 IU at 25 g/mL) and the methanol extraction of higher larvicidal activity on (LC = 99.675 g/mL). In this study, the carrageenan was exploited through and molecular docking studies against antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticoagulant properties. The results were establishing the potentiality of the carrageenan which is an alternative source to control the mosquitocidal property in the future. Moreover, molecular docking of carrageenan against multiple targets results in -7 to -6 Kcal/mol binding score. Findings of carrageen from to studies are needed for further validation of clinical pieces of evidence.