Marta Kopańska, Justyna Chojdak-Łukasiewicz, Marta Sochocka, Jerzy Leszek, Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz, Agnieszka Banaś-Ząbczyk, Danuta Ochojska
Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Neurology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 15;13:942218. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.942218. eCollection 2022.
In this review we present the behavioral aspects of interaction in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), taking into account some aspects of pharmacotherapy. In the treatment of people with ASD, an individual approach to emotional, social and cognitive functioning is very important. The specificity of symptoms and their severity in people with ASD results from deficits/disfunction of various areas of the brain and is associated with different levels of intelligence. This manuscript considers selected methods of interaction with ASD patients with normal IQ. Due to the different ways of functioning, these people often find it difficult to adapt to social expectations. The most important thing is to understand their perception of themselves and the world around them in order to support them in coping with the daily challenges. Due to the increasing problem, more and more attention is being focused on early detection of ASD, what allows to intervene as fast as possible and in consequence affect the quality of life of people with this dysfunctions. However, participants with mild autism symptoms are still difficult to diagnose in the practice. The effectiveness of the therapy depends largely on the cooperation of educational institutions. It is also necessary to contact specialist clinics, including a mental health counseling center. However, in the case of children and adolescents, the cooperation between the therapist and their parents is the basis. Systemic family therapy is also important in adults with ASD. An overview of the methods of therapeutic interactions in ASD, what may be helpful in diagnosing of mild ASD, were presented in our manuscript.
在本综述中，我们阐述了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者互动的行为方面，并考虑了药物治疗的一些方面。在治疗ASD患者时，针对情绪、社交和认知功能采取个体化方法非常重要。ASD患者症状的特异性及其严重程度源于大脑不同区域的缺陷/功能障碍，并与不同的智力水平相关。本手稿探讨了与智商正常的ASD患者互动的特定方法。由于功能方式不同，这些人往往难以适应社会期望。最重要的是了解他们对自己和周围世界的认知，以便支持他们应对日常挑战。由于该问题日益严重，越来越多的注意力集中在ASD的早期检测上，这使得能够尽快进行干预，从而影响患有这种功能障碍的人的生活质量。然而，在实践中，轻度自闭症症状的患者仍然难以诊断。治疗效果在很大程度上取决于教育机构的合作。还需要联系专科诊所，包括心理健康咨询中心。然而，对于儿童和青少年来说，治疗师与他们父母之间的合作是基础。系统性家庭治疗对成年ASD患者也很重要。我们的手稿中介绍了ASD治疗性互动方法的概述，这可能有助于诊断轻度ASD。
