Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 15;13:958360. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.958360. eCollection 2022.
Metastatic dissemination represents a hallmark of cancer that is responsible for the high mortality rate. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrates a time-series event-pre-metastatic niche (PMN) has a profound impact on cancer metastasis. Exosomes, cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTC), and tumor microenvironment components, as critical components in PMN establishment, could be monitored by liquid biopsy. Intensive studies based on the molecular profile of liquid biopsy have made it a viable alternative to tissue biopsy. Meanwhile, the complex molecular mechanism and intercellular interaction are great challenges for applying liquid biopsy in clinical practice. This article reviews the cellular and molecular components involved in the establishment of the PMN and the promotion of metastasis, as well as the mechanisms of their interactions. Better knowledge of the characteristics of the PMN may facilitate the application of liquid biopsy for clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
转移扩散是癌症的一个标志，也是导致高死亡率的原因。最近，新出现的证据表明，时间序列事件前转移龛（PMN）对癌症转移有深远的影响。外泌体、无细胞 DNA（cfDNA）、循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）和肿瘤微环境成分作为 PMN 建立的关键组成部分，可以通过液体活检进行监测。基于液体活检的分子谱的深入研究使其成为组织活检的可行替代方法。同时，复杂的分子机制和细胞间相互作用是将液体活检应用于临床实践的巨大挑战。本文综述了参与 PMN 建立和转移促进的细胞和分子成分，以及它们相互作用的机制。更好地了解 PMN 的特征可能有助于将液体活检应用于临床诊断、预后和治疗。
