School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Department of Psychology, Teesside University, Borough Road, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK.
Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Aug;10(4):1899-1909. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01372-w. Epub 2022 Aug 1.
Little research has examined factors underlying COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy or refusal in Black and Asian individuals in England, among whom hesitancy tends to be higher than in the general population. This qualitative study aimed to gain an understanding of factors affecting hesitancy in Black and Asian individuals in England, to help address concerns about having the vaccine.
Ninety-five participants (51 women, 42 men, 2 other; 58% were aged between 30 and 49) recruited via a market recruitment agency, local Healthwatch networks, and using a snowballing method, participated in four activities on an online engagement platform, sharing their attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out, and factors shaping their beliefs and concerns, over 5 weeks from April to March 2021.
Inductive thematic analysis revealed five themes: (1) a variety of views on the COVID-19 vaccine, (2) targeted messaging for Black and Asian people as counterproductive, (3) confusion over the purpose of the vaccine roll-out, (4) hesitancy to take the vaccine, and (5) local networks as a trusted source of information.
Our findings suggest that respecting individuals' agency, transparency of information provided, and the independence of the bodies providing this information are important. Instead of targeted messaging, local networks should be used in campaigns to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Black and Asian individuals.
在英格兰，针对黑人及亚裔人群对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫或拒绝态度的研究相对较少，而这些人群的犹豫比例往往高于一般人群。本定性研究旨在了解影响英格兰黑人及亚裔人群对 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫的因素，以帮助解决对疫苗接种的担忧。
通过市场招聘机构、当地健康观察网络以及采用滚雪球的方式，从 2021 年 4 月至 3 月的 5 周内，招募了 95 名参与者（51 名女性，42 名男性，2 名其他；58%的参与者年龄在 30 至 49 岁之间），他们在一个在线参与平台上参与了四项活动，分享了他们对 COVID-19 疫苗接种计划的态度，以及影响他们信念和担忧的因素。
归纳主题分析揭示了五个主题：（1）对 COVID-19 疫苗的各种看法；（2）针对黑人及亚裔人群的定向信息传递可能适得其反；（3）对疫苗接种计划目的的混淆；（4）对接种疫苗的犹豫；（5）当地网络是可信信息来源。
我们的研究结果表明，尊重个人的代理机构、提供信息的透明度以及提供这些信息的机构的独立性是很重要的。在提高 COVID-19 疫苗在黑人及亚裔人群中的接种率方面，应利用当地网络，而不是采用定向信息传递的方式进行宣传。
