Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2022 Sep;234:112527. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112527. Epub 2022 Jul 16.
In recent decades, the laser treatment of cancer has been introduced as a promising treatment option. Because of the maldistribution of optical energy and an ambiguous boundary between the normal and tumor tissues, laser irradiation can stimulate residual cancer cells, leading to a cancer regrowth. As photobiomodulation (PBM) is involved in an extensive range of cellular responses, profound comprehension of photo-stimulated mechanisms against the cancer cells is required to establish a safety margin for PBM. Therefore, we aimed to identify the stimulant effects of PBM at various wavelengths against the tumor cells to establish a safety margin for the laser treatment. CT26 murine colon cancer cells were exposed to either 405 (BL), 635 (VIS), or 808 (NIR) nm laser lights at the fluences of 0, 10, 30, and 50 J/cm. In addition, CT26 tumor-bearing mice were irradiated with BL, VIS, or NIR at a fluence of 30 J/cm. Both the proliferation and angiogenesis potential of the CT26 cells and tumors were evaluated using the MTT assay, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining analyses. Although cell viability was not statistically significant, BL significantly induced p-ERK upregulation in the CT26 cells, indicating that PBM with BL can stimulate proliferation. In vivo tests showed that the NIR group exhibited the maximum relative tumor volume, and BL yielded a slight increase compared to the control. In the IHC staining and western blot analyses, both BL and NIR increased the expression of EGFR, VEGF, MMP-9, and HIF-1α, which are related to the proliferation and angiogenesis-related factors. Further investigations will be pursued to clarify the molecular pathways that depend on the cancer cell types and laser wavelengths for the establishment of safety guidelines in clinical environments.
在最近几十年，激光治疗癌症已被引入作为一种有前途的治疗选择。由于光能量分布不均和正常组织与肿瘤组织之间的界限不明确，激光照射会刺激残留的癌细胞，导致癌症复发。由于光生物调节（PBM）涉及广泛的细胞反应，因此需要深刻理解光刺激机制对癌细胞的作用，以确定 PBM 的安全范围。因此，我们旨在确定 PBM 在各种波长下对肿瘤细胞的刺激作用，以确定激光治疗的安全范围。CT26 结肠癌细胞分别暴露于 405nm（BL）、635nm（VIS）或 808nm（NIR）激光下，剂量分别为 0、10、30 和 50 J/cm。此外，CT26 荷瘤小鼠用 BL、VIS 或 NIR 照射，剂量为 30 J/cm。采用 MTT 分析、western blot 和免疫组化（IHC）染色分析评估 CT26 细胞和肿瘤的增殖和血管生成潜力。虽然细胞活力没有统计学意义，但 BL 显著上调 CT26 细胞中 p-ERK 的表达，表明 BL 的 PBM 可以刺激增殖。体内试验表明，NIR 组的相对肿瘤体积最大，BL 组与对照组相比略有增加。在 IHC 染色和 western blot 分析中，BL 和 NIR 均增加了与增殖和血管生成相关的因子 EGFR、VEGF、MMP-9 和 HIF-1α的表达。将进一步研究阐明依赖于癌细胞类型和激光波长的分子途径，以建立临床环境中的安全指南。
