Nakamura Masako, Murakami Tomokazu, Kohno Hiroyoshi, Mizutani Akira, Shimokawa Shinya
School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University, Shimizu, Shizuoka, 424-8610 Japan.
Monitoring and Forecast Research Department, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-0006 Japan.
Mar Biol. 2022;169(8):104. doi: 10.1007/s00227-022-04091-2. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
Devastating bleaching of coral communities at Amitori Bay, Iriomote Island, Japan, occurred in 2016 during the third global mass bleaching event in 2014-2017. The present study documented changes in coral communities in Amitori Bay from just before until after the 2016 bleaching event (2016-2020), by measuring coral cover and recruitment at nine sites (with two additional sites in 2018) in the bay. Spawning rates of acroporid corals were also monitored from 2017 to 2019 by visual observation and using bundle collectors to observe how long the effect of bleaching persisted. Reductions of 64.7 and 89.5% from 2016 to 2017 were observed in cover and recruitment of all coral families, respectively. Coral cover of all coral families recovered to pre-bleaching levels by 2020 and recruitment in 2020 was about two times greater than the pre-bleaching level. These results mirrored those of acroporids. Spawning rates of corals increased significantly from 40.6% in 2017 to 90.0% in 2019. Recovery of coral cover 4 years after the severe bleaching event was likely related to regrowth of remnants and of surviving juveniles of < 5 cm. The sudden increase in recruitment was likely driven by a combination of larval supply from other populations, increased numbers of reproductive adults, increases in spawning rates, and increased larval retention in the bay due to wind conditions in 2020. This study suggests that coral communities as in Amitori Bay will be critical for local-scale community persistence, serving as both source and sink populations.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00227-022-04091-2.
2016年，在2014 - 2017年第三次全球大规模白化事件期间，日本西表岛阿波知湾的珊瑚群落遭受了毁灭性白化。本研究记录了阿波知湾珊瑚群落在2016年白化事件前后（2016 - 2020年）的变化，通过测量该湾九个地点（2018年增加了两个地点）的珊瑚覆盖率和补充率。2017年至2019年，还通过目视观察和使用收集束来监测鹿角珊瑚的产卵率，以观察白化的影响持续了多长时间。2016年至2017年，所有珊瑚科的覆盖率和补充率分别下降了64.7%和89.5%。到2020年，所有珊瑚科的珊瑚覆盖率恢复到了白化前的水平，2020年的补充率比白化前水平高出约两倍。这些结果与鹿角珊瑚的结果相似。珊瑚的产卵率从2017年的40.6%显著增加到2019年的90.0%。严重白化事件4年后珊瑚覆盖率的恢复可能与残余珊瑚和存活的小于5厘米的幼体的再生长有关。补充率的突然增加可能是由于其他种群的幼体供应、繁殖成体数量增加、产卵率提高以及2020年的风况导致该湾幼体滞留增加等多种因素共同作用的结果。本研究表明，像阿波知湾这样的珊瑚群落对于当地群落的持续存在至关重要，既是源种群又是汇种群。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s00227 - 022 - 04091 - 2获取的补充材料。
