Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Inquiry. 2022 Jan-Dec;59:469580221112834. doi: 10.1177/00469580221112834.
Community health workers (CHWs) play an important role in controlling non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this review was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of CHW training programs that focused on the prevention and control of cardiometabolic diseases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Medline, CINAHL Complete, Academic Search Complete, Directory of Open Access Journal, ScienceDirect, ERIC, Gale Academic, and OneFile). Studies that described the training programs used to train CHWs for prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases and type2 diabetes mellitus in LMICs. Only studies that evaluated the outcomes of training programs in at least one of the 4 levels of Kirkpatrick's training evaluation model were included in the review. CHWs who underwent training focused on the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We summarized the resulting evidence using qualitative synthesis through a narrative review. Training outcomes were assessed in relation to (1) CHW reactions to training, their degree of learning, and their behaviors following training, and (2) changes in biochemical and anthropometric indicators in target populations following the CHW program implementation. PROSPERO (CRD42020162116). Thirty-two studies were included. Methods used to train CHWs included: face-to-face lectures, interactive group activities, and blended teaching with online support. Training focused on identifying people with elevated risk of cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors as well as supporting people to adopt healthy lifestyles. Many studies that utilized trained CHWs did not publish CHW training methods and evaluations, and therefore could not be included in this study. Training programs resulted in an increase in knowledge and skills among CHWs demonstrating that there are certain activities that can be shifted to CHWs following training.
社区卫生工作者（CHWs）在中低收入国家控制非传染性疾病方面发挥着重要作用。本综述的目的是描述以中低收入国家（LMICs）为重点，预防和控制心血管代谢疾病的 CHW 培训计划的特点和结果。检索了 Medline、CINAHL Complete、Academic Search Complete、Directory of Open Access Journal、ScienceDirect、ERIC、Gale Academic 和 OneFile。这些研究描述了用于培训 CHW 预防和控制心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病的培训计划。只有评估培训计划在柯克帕特里克培训评估模型的至少 4 个级别之一的结果的研究才被纳入综述。接受培训的 CHW 专注于预防和控制心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病。我们通过叙述性综述对定性综合得出的证据进行了总结。培训结果与以下两个方面有关：(1) CHW 对培训的反应、学习程度以及培训后的行为；(2) 在 CHW 项目实施后，目标人群中生化和人体测量指标的变化。PROSPERO（CRD42020162116）。共纳入 32 项研究。培训 CHW 使用的方法包括：面对面讲座、互动小组活动和混合教学与在线支持。培训重点是识别心血管代谢疾病风险升高的人群及其风险因素，以及支持人们采取健康的生活方式。许多利用经过培训的 CHW 的研究没有公布 CHW 培训方法和评估结果，因此无法纳入本研究。培训计划使 CHW 的知识和技能有所提高，证明培训后某些活动可以转移给 CHW。
