Child Sight Institute, Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Centre, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India.
Child Sight Institute, Nimmagadda Prasad Children's Eye Care Centre, GMR Varalakshmi Campus, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug;70(8):3056-3060. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_543_22.
To study the profile, risk factors, and management outcomes of infantile strabismus at a tertiary eye care center.
We prospectively analyzed the data of infants (children less than 1 year of age) who presented at our institute from August 2018 to December 2019. We excluded infants who did not complete a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Detailed meticulous history based on a set of standardized questionnaires was obtained and a comprehensive ophthalmological examination of the child was performed. Data were collected regarding refractive error (astigmatism; myopia; hyperopia; anisometropia [<1.0 DS or >1.0 DS]; astigmatism [<1.0 DS or >1.0 DS]) and the type of strabismus.
During this period, we saw 4,773 infants, out of which 123 infants were diagnosed to have infantile-onset strabismus (hospital prevalence of 2.6%). Boys and girls were equally affected. Sixty-two patients had esotropia, 37 had exotropia, 2 had hypotropia, and 22 had pseudo strabismus. Prematurity, hypermetropia, and anisometropia had increased odds of developing esotropia, whereas delivery by cesarean section, delayed cry at birth, infantile seizures, parental consanguinity, delayed development of milestones, and myopia had increased odds of developing exotropia. Twenty-nine patients underwent a surgical correction. The mean deviation at the first visit was 42.59 ± 15.40 PD and 8.25 ± 12.70 PD at the last visit. For all patients who underwent a squint surgery, the change in ocular deviation was clinically and statistically significant (P-value <0.0001, paired t-test).
The hospital prevalence of infantile strabismus in our cohort was found to be 2.6%. Our study suggests that esotropia is two-fold more common in our cohort as compared to exotropia. Further, our study highlights risk factors for the development of strabismus in infancy, which must be kept in mind and awareness must be created among pediatricians. Surgical correction should be considered early during the infantile period, because it may lead to promote the development of good binocular vision.
研究三级眼科中心婴儿斜视的特征、危险因素和治疗结果。
我们前瞻性分析了 2018 年 8 月至 2019 年 12 月在我院就诊的婴儿（年龄小于 1 岁）的数据。我们排除了未完成至少 6 个月随访的婴儿。详细的病史是基于一组标准化问卷获得的，并对儿童进行了全面的眼科检查。收集了关于屈光不正（散光；近视；远视；屈光参差 [<1.0 DS 或 >1.0 DS]；散光 [<1.0 DS 或 >1.0 DS]）和斜视类型的数据。
在此期间，我们共观察了 4773 名婴儿，其中 123 名婴儿被诊断为婴儿期斜视（医院患病率为 2.6%）。男孩和女孩的发病率相等。62 例患者有内斜视，37 例有外斜视，2 例有下斜视，22 例有假性斜视。早产儿、远视和屈光参差增加内斜视的发病几率，而剖宫产、出生时哭声延迟、婴儿癫痫发作、父母近亲结婚、发育里程碑延迟和近视增加外斜视的发病几率。29 例患者接受了手术矫正。首次就诊时的平均偏差为 42.59 ± 15.40 PD，最后一次就诊时为 8.25 ± 12.70 PD。对于所有接受斜视手术的患者，眼球偏斜的变化在临床和统计学上均有显著意义（P 值<0.0001，配对 t 检验）。
我们的队列中婴儿斜视的医院患病率为 2.6%。我们的研究表明，与外斜视相比，内斜视在我们的队列中更为常见，发生率为两倍。此外，我们的研究强调了婴儿斜视发生的危险因素，这必须牢记在心，并在儿科医生中提高认识。手术矫正应在婴儿期尽早考虑，因为它可能有助于促进良好的双眼视觉发育。
