Caspi Adi, Entezari Ariana A, Crutcher Madison, Snook Adam E, Waldman Scott A
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Per Med. 2022 Sep;19(5):457-472. doi: 10.2217/pme-2022-0026. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
Colorectal cancer remains a major cause of mortality in the USA, despite advances in prevention and screening. Existing therapies focus primarily on generic treatment such as surgical intervention and chemotherapy, depending on disease severity. As personalized medicine and targeted molecular oncology continue to develop as promising treatment avenues, there has emerged a need for effective targets and biomarkers of colorectal cancer. The transmembrane receptor guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) regulates intestinal homeostasis and has emerged as a tumor suppressor. Further, it is universally expressed in advanced metastatic colorectal tumors, as well as other cancer types that arise through intestinal metaplasia. In this context, GUCY2C satisfies many characteristics of a compelling target and biomarker for gastrointestinal malignancies.
尽管在预防和筛查方面取得了进展，但结直肠癌仍然是美国主要的死亡原因。现有治疗主要集中在根据疾病严重程度进行的手术干预和化疗等常规治疗上。随着个性化医疗和靶向分子肿瘤学作为有前景的治疗途径不断发展，对结直肠癌有效的靶点和生物标志物的需求日益凸显。跨膜受体鸟苷酸环化酶C（GUCY2C）调节肠道稳态，并已成为一种肿瘤抑制因子。此外，它在晚期转移性结直肠癌肿瘤以及通过肠化生产生的其他癌症类型中普遍表达。在这种情况下，GUCY2C满足了作为胃肠道恶性肿瘤极具吸引力的靶点和生物标志物的许多特征。
