Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy.
SENSE4MED S.R.L, Via Bitonto 139, 00133, Rome, Italy.
Mikrochim Acta. 2022 Aug 3;189(8):311. doi: 10.1007/s00604-022-05392-5.
The increasing demand for food and the need for a sustainability vision in the agri-food sector have boosted novel approaches for food management, enhancing the valorization of wastes and by-products belonging to the food industry. Herein, we present a novel paper-based origami device to assess the amount of both glucosinolate and glucose in a food waste product belonging to Brassicaceae plants, to evaluate the quality value and the correct management of waste samples. The device has been designed as an origami paper-based platform constituted of two paper-based biosensors to work synergistically in a multiplexed detection. In detail, a monoenzymatic biosensor and a bienzymatic biosensor were configured for the detection of glucose and glucosinolates, respectively, using filter paper pads preloaded with glucose oxidase and/or myrosinase. To complete the paper-based platform, the enzyme-preloaded pads were combined with office paper-based electrodes modified with Carbon black/Prussian Blue nanoparticles for the measurement of enzymatic by-product at a low applied potential (i.e., 0 V versus Ag/AgCl). Overall, this paper-based platform measured glucose and glucosinolate (i.e., sinigrin) with a linear range up to 2.5 and 1.5 mM, and detection limits of 0.05 and 0.07 mM, respectively. The repeatability corresponded to an RSD% equal to 5% by testing 10 mM of glucose, and 10% by testing 1 mM of sinigrin. The accuracy of the developed multiplex device was evaluated by recovery studies at two different levels of sinigrin, i.e., 0.25 and 0.5 mM, obtaining recoveries values equal to (111 ± 3) % and (86 ± 1) %, respectively. The multiplex detection of both glucose and glucosinolate in Brassicaceae samples evaluates the quality values of the waste sample, ensuring the quality of the re-used food product waste by using an eco-designed analytical tool. The combination of paper-based devices for quality control of food waste with the re-use of these food products represents a sustainable approach that perfectly matches sustainable agrifood practices as well as the overall approach of the circular economy.
对食品的需求不断增加以及农业食品部门需要可持续发展愿景，这推动了新颖的食品管理方法，提高了属于食品工业的废物和副产品的附加值。在此，我们提出了一种新颖的纸质折纸设备，用于评估属于十字花科植物的食品废物产品中葡萄糖苷和葡萄糖的含量，以评估废物样品的质量价值和正确管理。该设备设计为由两个基于纸张的生物传感器组成的折纸纸基平台，以协同方式进行多路复用检测。具体来说，使用预先加载有葡萄糖氧化酶和/或黑芥子酶的滤纸垫配置了单酶生物传感器和双酶生物传感器，分别用于检测葡萄糖和葡萄糖苷。为了完成基于纸张的平台，将酶预加载垫与用碳黑/普鲁士蓝纳米粒子修饰的办公用纸基电极结合使用，以在低应用电势（即相对于 Ag/AgCl 为 0 V）下测量酶副产物。总体而言，该基于纸张的平台使用葡萄糖和葡萄糖苷（即黑芥子苷）测量的线性范围高达 2.5 和 1.5 mM，检测限分别为 0.05 和 0.07 mM。通过测试 10 mM 葡萄糖，重复性对应于 5%的 RSD%，通过测试 1 mM 黑芥子苷，重复性对应于 10%的 RSD%。通过在黑芥子苷的两个不同水平（即 0.25 和 0.5 mM）进行回收研究来评估开发的多路复用设备的准确性，得到的回收率值分别为（111±3）%和（86±1）%。在十字花科样品中同时检测葡萄糖和葡萄糖苷可评估废物样品的质量值，通过使用生态设计的分析工具确保再利用食品废物产品的质量。将用于食品废物质量控制的基于纸张的设备与这些食品产品的再利用相结合，代表了一种可持续的方法，与可持续农业食品实践以及整个循环经济方法完全匹配。
