Yulfi Hemma, Zulkhair Muhammad Farid, Yosi Ariyati
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, North Sumatra, Indonesia.
Department of Medical Bachelor Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, North Sumatra, Indonesia.
Trop Parasitol. 2022 Jan-Jun;12(1):34-40. doi: 10.4103/tp.tp_57_21. Epub 2022 Jun 26.
Scabies has been a continuous health concern in residential institutions including boarding schools in Indonesia. The disease easily spreads in overcrowding residences. Using one of several boarding schools in Medan, Indonesia, as study site, we conducted this study to better understand the underlying factors behind scabies incidence in boarding schools. We hoped to be able to promote more effective preventive measures toward the disease.
We included all of 220 students (115 males and 105 females) in a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study, whose ages were ranging from 10 to 18 years. The diagnosis of scabies was made based on interview and physical examination. Skin scraping followed by microscopic assessment was carried out upon finding scabies-related lesion. Data on risk factors were collected using a set of pretested questionnaire and direct observation. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis the with Chi square and logistic regression.
We found a high prevalence clinical scabies, i.e., 81 (36.8%) students, yet only one came out positive with skin scraping and microscopic examination. The factors associated with the infection were found to be younger age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-6.09), sharing clothes (OR: 8.22, 95% CI 2.37-28.48), sharing bed (OR: 17.53, 95% CI 5.55-56.02), and unhygienic bedroom condition (OR: 8.18, 95% CI 3.30-20.28).
The results imply the need for better strategies to prevent the transmission of astigmatid mites within the risky populations. We promote six recommendations for a more applicable approach toward scabies prevention in boarding schools and other institutional facilities alike.
疥疮一直是包括印度尼西亚寄宿学校在内的住宿机构持续关注的健康问题。这种疾病在拥挤的住所中很容易传播。我们以印度尼西亚棉兰的几所寄宿学校之一为研究地点，开展了这项研究，以更好地了解寄宿学校疥疮发病率背后的潜在因素。我们希望能够推广针对该疾病更有效的预防措施。
我们纳入了一项横断面描述性分析研究中的所有220名学生（115名男性和105名女性），他们的年龄在10至18岁之间。疥疮的诊断基于访谈和体格检查。发现与疥疮相关的皮损后，进行皮肤刮擦并随后进行显微镜评估。使用一组经过预测试的问卷和直接观察收集危险因素数据。数据采用卡方检验和逻辑回归进行双变量和多变量分析。
我们发现临床疥疮的患病率很高，即81名（36.8%）学生，但皮肤刮擦和显微镜检查仅1例呈阳性。发现与感染相关的因素包括年龄较小（比值比[OR]：2.95，95%置信区间[CI] 0.97 - 6.09）、共用衣物（OR：8.22，95% CI 2.37 - 28.48）、共用床铺（OR：17.53，95% CI 5.55 - 56.02）以及卧室卫生条件差（OR：8.18，95% CI 3.30 - 20.28）。
结果表明需要采取更好的策略来预防在高危人群中疥螨的传播。我们提出六项建议，以便在寄宿学校和其他机构设施中采取更适用的疥疮预防方法。
