Schleicher Philipp, Wengert Alexander, Neuhoff Jonathan, Kandziora Frank
Zentrum für Wirbelsäulenchirurgie und Neurotraumatologie, BG Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main gGmbH, Friedberger Landstr. 430, 60389, Frankfurt, Deutschland.
Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb). 2022 Jun;125(6):460-466. doi: 10.1007/s00113-022-01188-7. Epub 2022 May 23.
Bone cement has been used in spinal surgery for as long as 50 years. In contemporary spinal surgery, cement augmentation of fractured osteoporotic vertebrae in the form of vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty as well as cement augmentation of pedicle screws in instrumented procedures of any etiology are established as standard procedures. Both procedures are very effective, although the benefits of vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty procedures have been controversially discussed in the past. Overall, complications rarely occur. The most relevant complication is cement leakage, which is asymptomatic in the majority of cases but in the worst case might lead to neurological deficits, embolic events and even circulatory collapse. Prevention of cement leakage is therefore crucial. Risk factors for cement leakage and preventive measures are presented in a comprehensive review based on the available literature.
骨水泥在脊柱手术中的应用已有50年之久。在当代脊柱手术中，椎体成形术/后凸成形术形式的骨折骨质疏松性椎体骨水泥强化以及任何病因的器械辅助手术中椎弓根螺钉的骨水泥强化均已成为标准手术。这两种手术都非常有效，尽管椎体成形术/后凸成形术的益处过去一直存在争议。总体而言，并发症很少发生。最相关的并发症是骨水泥渗漏，大多数情况下无症状，但在最严重的情况下可能导致神经功能缺损、栓塞事件甚至循环衰竭。因此，预防骨水泥渗漏至关重要。基于现有文献的综合综述介绍了骨水泥渗漏的危险因素和预防措施。
