Department of Pharmacy - School of Pharmacy - Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Pharmacy - School of Pharmacy - Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering - ProAmb, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 Nov 15;298:115580. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115580. Epub 2022 Aug 1.
The anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health condition, and anxiety is considered the sixth cause of disability surpassing diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and osteoarthritis. Besides, the COVID-19 pandemic provided an increase in the number of psychiatric diseases diagnosis in all social layers around the world. About 55%-94% of patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders are treated with benzodiazepines, meanwhile benzodiazepines can promote several adverse effects. In this way, alternative therapies, such as essential oils may offer significant benefits in the treatment of patients with anxiety disorders. However, the anxiolytic effect of these essential oils must be proper evaluated appropriate as well as the suitable dosage and side effect need further research.
The aim was to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of Roman chamomile (Anthemis nobilis L.) and tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco) essential oils using the light-dark test in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
Both essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS and the major compounds were identified. The anxiolytic effect was evaluated by light-dark test in adult zebrafish.
The results showed that roman chamomile essential oil has anxiolytic effect in adult zebrafish, whereas tangerine essential oil tends to reduce anxiety The major compounds of tangerine essential oil were limonene and γ-terpinene, and the major compounds of roman chamomile were pentadecyl-3-methyl-2-butenoate, hexadecyl-3-methyl-2-butenoate, 1-piperidinol and trans-1-ethyl-3-methyl-cyclopentane.
The present study demonstrated that this anxiolytic effect may be attributed to the synergistic effect of the compounds present in roman chamomile essential oil, particularly the major compounds. The roman chamomile essential oil at the highest concentration showed anxiolytic effect. The tangerine essential oil showed a tendency to reduce anxiety, but it was not statistically significative. In addition, roman chamomile and tangerine essential oils did not cause cause alteration in locomotion activity and exploratory ability of the fish.
焦虑症是最常见的心理健康问题，焦虑被认为是全球第六大致残原因，超过了糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和骨关节炎。此外，COVID-19 大流行导致世界各地所有社会阶层的精神疾病诊断数量增加。大约 55%-94%被诊断患有焦虑症的患者接受苯二氮䓬类药物治疗，而苯二氮䓬类药物会引起多种不良反应。在这种情况下，精油等替代疗法可能会为治疗焦虑症患者带来显著益处。然而，这些精油的抗焦虑作用必须经过适当评估，同时还需要进一步研究合适的剂量和副作用。
本研究旨在使用成年斑马鱼的明暗测试评估罗马洋甘菊（Anthemis nobilis L.）和橘子（Citrus reticulata Blanco）精油的抗焦虑作用。
通过 GC-MS 对两种精油进行分析，并鉴定主要化合物。通过成年斑马鱼的明暗测试评估抗焦虑作用。
结果表明，罗马洋甘菊精油对成年斑马鱼具有抗焦虑作用，而橘子精油则有降低焦虑的趋势。橘子精油的主要化合物为柠檬烯和γ-萜品烯，而罗马洋甘菊精油的主要化合物为十五烷基-3-甲基-2-丁烯酸酯、十六烷基-3-甲基-2-丁烯酸酯、1-哌啶醇和反式-1-乙基-3-甲基-环戊烷。
本研究表明，这种抗焦虑作用可能归因于罗马洋甘菊精油中存在的化合物的协同作用，特别是主要化合物。最高浓度的罗马洋甘菊精油表现出抗焦虑作用。橘子精油表现出降低焦虑的趋势，但无统计学意义。此外，罗马洋甘菊和橘子精油不会引起鱼的运动活动和探索能力的改变。
