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体重指数对认知功能的阈值效应及性别和心血管危险因素的异质性。

Threshold effects of body mass index on cognitive function and heterogeneity by sex and cardiovascular risk factors.

机构信息

Department of Economics, Hongik University, Seoul, South Korea.

Department of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 19;10:897691. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.897691. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2022.897691
PMID:35928477
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9343732/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Disclosing the underlying relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive decline is imperative for cognitive impairment prevention and early detection. Empirical studies have indicated the risk of abnormal BMI leading to cognitive impairment. However, the relative risk of underweight or overweight on cognitive function is obscure. This study investigated the asymmetric causal effect of BMI on cognitive decline below and above an unknown threshold and the heterogeneity in the threshold level and the magnitude of the threshold effect due to sex and cardiovascular risk factors.

METHODS

This study used 2010-2018 panel data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging that assessed sociodemographic and health-related trends in Korean middle-aged to older population. A generalized method of moments estimator of the panel threshold model was applied to estimate the potential nonlinear pattern between BMI and cognitive function.

RESULTS

There was a threshold effect in the relationship between BMI and cognitive function. An increase in BMI below the threshold was associated with higher cognitive function, whereas a further increase in BMI above the threshold led to cognitive decline. The nonlinear pattern between BMI and cognitive function differed by sex and cardiovascular risk appearing more distinctively within men or the cardiovascular risk group.

CONCLUSIONS

The detrimental impact of being underweight or overweight on cognitive function is heterogeneous by sex or cardiovascular risk. For obese men or individuals with cardiovascular risk factors, maintaining adequate BMI should be highlighted to help prevent cognitive decline.

摘要

背景

揭示体重指数 (BMI) 与认知能力下降之间的内在关系对于认知障碍的预防和早期检测至关重要。实证研究表明，BMI 异常会增加认知障碍的风险。然而，体重过轻或超重对认知功能的相对风险尚不清楚。本研究调查了 BMI 对认知能力下降的不对称因果效应，以及由于性别和心血管危险因素导致的阈值水平和阈值效应幅度的异质性。

方法

本研究使用了 2010 年至 2018 年来自韩国老龄化纵向研究的面板数据，该数据评估了韩国中年及以上人群的社会人口统计学和与健康相关的趋势。面板门槛模型的广义矩估计方法被用于估计 BMI 和认知功能之间潜在的非线性模式。

结果

BMI 与认知功能之间存在阈值效应。BMI 在阈值以下的增加与更高的认知功能相关，而 BMI 在阈值以上的进一步增加则导致认知能力下降。BMI 与认知功能之间的非线性模式因性别和心血管风险而异，在男性或心血管风险组中表现更为明显。

结论

体重过轻或超重对认知功能的不利影响因性别或心血管风险而异。对于肥胖男性或心血管危险因素患者，应强调保持适当的 BMI 以帮助预防认知能力下降。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5203/9343732/6fba44b1cb10/fpubh-10-897691-g0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5203/9343732/3cf7cda0036b/fpubh-10-897691-g0001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5203/9343732/6fba44b1cb10/fpubh-10-897691-g0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5203/9343732/3cf7cda0036b/fpubh-10-897691-g0001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5203/9343732/6fba44b1cb10/fpubh-10-897691-g0002.jpg

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