Gu Xiaozhen, Bi Nanxi, Wang Tian, Huang Chengqing, Wang Rongrong, Xu Yi, Wang Hui-Li
Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 19;9:934118. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.934118. eCollection 2022.
Lead (Pb) exposure during early life has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, including learning and memory deficits. The intestinal flora, the microbiome-gut-brain axis, could play a significant role in the nervous system. However, the effects of probiotics on ameliorating Pb-induced learning and memory deficits are still unclear. In this study, we showed that adolescent Pb exposure (150 ppm) for 2 months impaired spatial learning and memory ability, accompanied by the decreasing diversity of gut microbiota, and the decreasing abundance of s at the genus level. Surprisingly, administration of the GR-1 (10 organisms/rat/day), not LGG or RC-14, reversed learning and memory deficits induced by Pb exposure. Meanwhile, administration of the GR-1 increased the diversity of the gut microbiota composition and partially normalized the genus level of , , , and in Pb-exposed rats. Notably, supplementation of GR-1 decreased the gut permeability of Pb-exposed rats, reduced proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6] expression, and promoted anti-inflammatory cytokines [granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)] expression. Interestingly, neural cell treatment with G-CSF rescued Pb-induced neurotoxicity. In general, GR-1 supplementation recovered the Pb-induced loss of intestinal bacteria (), which may have reversed the damage to learning and memory ability. Collectively, our findings demonstrate an unexpectedly pivotal role of GR-1 in Pb-induced cognitive deficits and identify a potential probiotic therapy for cognitive dysfunction during early life.
生命早期接触铅（Pb）与神经发育障碍风险增加有关，包括学习和记忆缺陷。肠道菌群，即微生物群-肠道-脑轴，可能在神经系统中发挥重要作用。然而，益生菌对改善铅诱导的学习和记忆缺陷的影响仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们发现青春期大鼠接触2个月的铅（150 ppm）会损害空间学习和记忆能力，同时伴随着肠道微生物群多样性的降低以及属水平上某些菌丰度的下降。令人惊讶的是，给予GR-1（10个菌/只大鼠/天）而非LGG或RC-14可逆转铅暴露诱导的学习和记忆缺陷。同时，给予GR-1增加了肠道微生物群组成的多样性，并部分使铅暴露大鼠中某些菌属的水平恢复正常。值得注意的是，补充GR-1降低了铅暴露大鼠的肠道通透性，降低了促炎细胞因子[白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和IL-6]的表达，并促进了抗炎细胞因子[粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）]的表达。有趣的是，用G-CSF处理神经细胞可挽救铅诱导的神经毒性。总体而言，补充GR-1恢复了铅诱导的肠道细菌损失，这可能逆转了对学习和记忆能力的损害。我们的研究结果共同证明了GR-1在铅诱导的认知缺陷中出人意料的关键作用，并确定了一种针对生命早期认知功能障碍的潜在益生菌疗法。
