Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University Qantra, Ismailia, Egypt.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2023 Nov;46(5):825-840. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2104865. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
The use of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer products has increased dramatically. Accordingly, human exposure to these NPs has increased. , a member of the beneficial gut microbiota, is essential for human health. In the present study, the toxic effect of three metal oxides (CuO, ZnO, and CdO) and one metal (Ag) NPs on were investigated in vitro. was susceptible to all the prepared NPs in a dose-dependent manner, visualized as an increase in the zones of inhibition and a significant reduction in the maximum specific growth rates (). The minimal inhibitory concentrations were 5.8, 26, 560, and 560 µg/mL for CdO-, Ag-, ZnO-, and CuO-NPs, respectively, and the respective minimal bactericidal concentrations were 60, 70, 1500, and 1500 µg/mL. Electron microscopic examinations revealed the adsorption of the prepared NPs on cell surface, causing cell wall disruption and morphological changes. These changes were accompanied by significant leakage of cellular protein content by 214%, 191%, 112%, and 101% versus the untreated control when was treated with CdO-, Ag-, CuO-, and ZnO-NPs, respectively. NPs also induced oxidative damage, where the malondialdehyde level was significantly increased, and glutathione content was significantly decreased. Quantifying the DNA damage using comet assay showed that CuONPs had the maximum DNA tail length (8.2 px vs. 2.1 px for the control). While CdONPs showed the maximum percentage of DNA in tail (15.5% vs. 3.1%). This study provides a mechanistic evaluation of the NPs-mediated toxicity to a beneficial microorganism.
金属/金属氧化物纳米粒子（NPs）在消费产品中的应用急剧增加。相应地，人类接触这些 NPs 的机会也增加了。 是肠道有益微生物群的成员，对人类健康至关重要。在本研究中，研究了三种金属氧化物（CuO、ZnO 和 CdO）和一种金属（Ag）NPs 对 的体外毒性。 以剂量依赖的方式易受所有制备的 NPs 的影响，表现为抑菌圈增大和最大比生长速率（）显著降低。CdO-、Ag-、ZnO-和 CuO-NPs 的最小抑菌浓度分别为 5.8、26、560 和 560μg/mL，相应的最小杀菌浓度分别为 60、70、1500 和 1500μg/mL。电子显微镜检查显示，制备的 NPs 吸附在 细胞表面，导致细胞壁破裂和形态发生变化。这些变化伴随着细胞蛋白含量的显著泄漏，与未经处理的对照相比，当 用 CdO-、Ag-、CuO-和 ZnO-NPs 处理时，分别为 214%、191%、112%和 101%。NPs 还诱导氧化损伤，其中丙二醛水平显著增加，谷胱甘肽含量显著降低。使用彗星试验定量 DNA 损伤显示，CuONPs 具有最大的 DNA 尾部长度（8.2 px 对对照为 2.1 px）。而 CdONPs 显示最大的 DNA 尾部百分比（15.5%对对照为 3.1%）。本研究提供了一种对有益微生物体进行 NPs 介导毒性的机制评估。
