Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Nat Rev Cardiol. 2023 Feb;20(2):109-125. doi: 10.1038/s41569-022-00741-6. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has emerged as a gaseous signalling molecule with crucial implications for cardiovascular health. HS is involved in many biological functions, including interactions with nitric oxide, activation of molecular signalling cascades, post-translational modifications and redox regulation. Various preclinical and clinical studies have shown that HS and its synthesizing enzymes - cystathionine γ-lyase, cystathionine β-synthase and 3-mercaptosulfotransferase - can protect against cardiovascular pathologies, including arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction and ischaemia-reperfusion injury. The bioavailability of HS and its metabolites, such as hydropersulfides and polysulfides, is substantially reduced in cardiovascular disease and has been associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in HS synthesis enzymes. In this Review, we highlight the role of HS, its synthesizing enzymes and metabolites, their roles in the cardiovascular system, and their involvement in cardiovascular disease and associated pathologies. We also discuss the latest clinical findings from the field and outline areas for future study.
硫化氢 (HS) 已成为一种气态信号分子，对心血管健康具有重要意义。HS 参与许多生物学功能，包括与一氧化氮相互作用、激活分子信号级联、翻译后修饰和氧化还原调节。各种临床前和临床研究表明，HS 及其合成酶——半胱氨酸 γ-裂解酶、半胱氨酸 β-合酶和 3-巯基磺基转移酶——可以预防心血管疾病，包括心律失常、动脉粥样硬化、心力衰竭、心肌梗死和缺血再灌注损伤。HS 及其代谢物（如氢过硫化物和多硫化物）的生物利用度在心血管疾病中显著降低，并与 HS 合成酶的单核苷酸多态性相关。在这篇综述中，我们强调了 HS、其合成酶和代谢物的作用、它们在心血管系统中的作用，以及它们在心血管疾病和相关病理中的作用。我们还讨论了该领域的最新临床发现，并概述了未来的研究方向。
