Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2022 Nov 1;1868(11):166511. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166511. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
By definition, heart failure (HF) is a pathological condition affecting the structure and function of all organs in the body, and the brain is not an exception to that. Failure of the heart to pump enough blood centrally and peripherally is at the foundation of HF patients' inability to attend even the most ordinary daily activities and progressive deterioration of their cognitive capacity. What is more, between heart and brain exists a bidirectional relationship that goes well beyond hemodynamics and concerns bioelectric and endocrine signaling. This increasingly consolidated evidence makes the scenario even more complex. Studies have mainly chased how HF impairs cognition without focusing much on preventive measures, notably cardio-cerebral health proxies. Here, we aim to provide a brief account of known and hypothetical factors that may explain how exercise can help obviate cognitive dysfunction associated with HF in its different forms. As we shall see, there is a stringent need for a deeper grasp of such mechanisms. Indeed, gaining this new knowledge will automatically shed new light on the inner workings of HF itself, thus resulting in more effective prevention and treatment of this escalating syndrome.
根据定义，心力衰竭（HF）是一种影响全身所有器官结构和功能的病理状况，大脑也不例外。心脏无法充分将血液泵送到中枢和外周，这是 HF 患者无法进行甚至最普通的日常活动以及认知能力逐渐恶化的基础。更重要的是，心脏和大脑之间存在着一种双向关系，这种关系远不止于血液动力学，还涉及生物电和内分泌信号。这种日益巩固的证据使得情况更加复杂。研究主要关注 HF 如何损害认知能力，而没有过多关注预防措施，尤其是心脏-大脑健康的替代指标。在这里，我们旨在简要介绍已知和假设的因素，这些因素可能解释了运动如何有助于避免 HF 不同形式相关的认知功能障碍。正如我们将看到的，我们迫切需要更深入地了解这些机制。事实上，获得这些新知识将自动揭示 HF 本身的内在运作机制，从而更有效地预防和治疗这种不断升级的综合征。
