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呼气中的 SARS-CoV-2 脱落模式在关注变体之间的变化。

Exhaled breath SARS-CoV-2 shedding patterns across variants of concern.

机构信息

Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Department of general internal medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

Imec Solutions department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

出版信息

Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Oct;123:25-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.069. Epub 2022 Aug 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.069
PMID:35932968
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9349369/
Abstract

OBJECTIVES

We performed exhaled breath (EB) and nasopharyngeal (NP) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and NP rapid antigen testing (NP RAT) of SARS-CoV-2 infections with different variants.

METHODS

We included immuno-naïve alpha-infected (n = 11) and partly boosted omicron-infected patients (n = 8) as high-risk contacts. We compared peak NP and EB qPCR cycle time (ct) values between cohorts (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). Test positivity was compared for three infection phases using Cochran Q test.

RESULTS

Peak median NP ct was 11.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 10.1-12.1) for alpha and 12.2 (IQR 11.1-15.3) for omicron infections. Peak median EB ct was 25.2 (IQR 24.5-26.9) and 28.3 (IQR 26.4-30.8) for alpha and omicron infections, respectively. Distributions did not differ between cohorts for NP (P = 0.19) or EB (P = 0.09). SARS-CoV-2 shedding peaked on day 1 in EB (confidence interval [CI] 0.0 - 4.5) and day 3 in NP (CI 1.5 - 6.0). EB qPCR positivity equaled NP qPCR positivity on D0-D1 (P = 0.44) and D2-D6 (P = 1.0). It superseded NP RAT positivity on D0-D1 (P = 0.003) and D2-D6 (P = 0.008). It was inferior to both on D7-D10 (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Peak EB and nasopharynx shedding were comparable across variants. EB qPCR positivity matched NP qPCR and superseded NP RAT in the first week of infection.

摘要

目的

我们对不同变异株的 SARS-CoV-2 感染进行了呼出物（EB）和鼻咽（NP）定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和 NP 快速抗原检测（NP RAT）。

方法

我们纳入了免疫初染的阿尔法感染（n=11）和部分加强的奥密克戎感染（n=8）作为高风险接触者。我们比较了两组的 NP 和 EB qPCR 峰值循环时间（ct）值（Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney 检验）。使用 Cochran Q 检验比较了三个感染阶段的检测阳性率。

结果

阿尔法和奥密克戎感染的 NP 峰值中位 ct 值分别为 11.5（四分位距 [IQR] 10.1-12.1）和 12.2（IQR 11.1-15.3）。EB 峰值中位 ct 值分别为 25.2（IQR 24.5-26.9）和 28.3（IQR 26.4-30.8）。NP（P=0.19）或 EB（P=0.09）两组之间的分布无差异。EB 中 SARS-CoV-2 脱落的峰值出现在第 1 天（置信区间 [CI] 0.0-4.5），而 NP 则出现在第 3 天（CI 1.5-6.0）。EB qPCR 阳性率在 D0-D1（P=0.44）和 D2-D6（P=1.0）与 NP qPCR 阳性率相同。EB qPCR 阳性率在 D0-D1（P=0.003）和 D2-D6（P=0.008）时均优于 NP RAT 阳性率。在 D7-D10 时均劣于两者（P<0.001）。

结论

在不同变异株中，EB 和鼻咽的脱落高峰相似。EB qPCR 阳性率在感染的第一周与 NP qPCR 相符，并优于 NP RAT。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/dd8767db6482/gr6_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/ecaec376223a/gr1_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/37e93a17f65a/gr2_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/9094b89ec3aa/gr3_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/4b2995c290b0/gr4_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/6a12fb15bb7d/gr5_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/dd8767db6482/gr6_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/ecaec376223a/gr1_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/37e93a17f65a/gr2_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/9094b89ec3aa/gr3_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/4b2995c290b0/gr4_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/6a12fb15bb7d/gr5_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/da4d/9349369/dd8767db6482/gr6_lrg.jpg

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