Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Sharkia, Zagazig, Egypt.
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
Aquat Toxicol. 2022 Sep;250:106257. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106257. Epub 2022 Jul 29.
The existing study was designed to inspect the toxicological consequences of two pesticides; lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) and methomyl (MTM) and their combination on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) behaviors, oxidative stress, hepato-renal function indices and microarchitectural alterations. In addition, the efficiency of taurine (TUR) to rescue their toxicity was also considered. Juvenile O. niloticus were assigned into eight groups. The control and TUR groups were fed on a basal diet and TUR-enriched (10 g kg) diet, respectively. The other groups were fed on a basal diet, and exposed to LCT (0.079 µg L), MTM (20.39 µg L and (LCT + MTM). The last three groups were (LCT + TUR), (MTM + TUR), and (LCT + MTM + TUR) and fed on a TUR-enriched diet during exposure to LCT and/or MTM for 60 days. The exposure to LCT and/or MTM resulted in several behavioral alterations and stress via enhanced cortisol and nor-epinephrine levels. A significant elevation of serum 8-hydroxy-2- deoxyguanosine, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, lactate dehydrogenase, Alkaline phosphatase, urea, creatinine was also observed in these groups. Furthermore, reduced antioxidant enzymes activities, including (catlase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) with marked histopathological lesions in both liver and kidney tissues were detected. The up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 proteins were expressed in the liver and kidney tissues of LCT and/or MTM -exposed groups. Interestingly, all the observed alterations in behaviors, biochemical indices, and histo-architecture of renal and hepatic tissues were mitigated by TUR supplementation. The findings suggest that feeding O. niloticus dietary TUR may help to reduce the negative effects of LCT and/or MTM, and can also support kidney and liver health in O. niloticus, making it a promising aquaculture feed supplement.
本研究旨在观察两种杀虫剂；氯氟氰菊酯（LCT）和灭多威（MTM）及其组合对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）行为、氧化应激、肝肾功能指标和微观结构改变的毒理学后果。此外，还考虑了牛磺酸（TUR）对其毒性的解救效率。将幼年尼罗罗非鱼分为 8 组。对照组和 TUR 组分别以基础饲料和 TUR 富集（10 g/kg）饲料喂养。其他组以基础饲料喂养，并暴露于 LCT（0.079 µg/L）、MTM（20.39 µg/L）和（LCT+MTM）中。最后三组为（LCT+TUR）、（MTM+TUR）和（LCT+MTM+TUR），并在暴露于 LCT 和/或 MTM 期间以富含 TUR 的饮食喂养 60 天。暴露于 LCT 和/或 MTM 导致几种行为改变和应激，表现为皮质醇和去甲肾上腺素水平升高。这些组的血清 8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷、天冬氨酸和丙氨酸氨基转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、尿素、肌酐也显著升高。此外，还检测到肝脏和肾脏组织中抗氧化酶活性（包括 CAT、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶）显著降低，伴有明显的组织病理学损伤。LCT 和/或 MTM 暴露组的肝脏和肾脏组织中 Bax 表达上调，Bcl-2 蛋白表达下调。有趣的是，TUR 补充剂减轻了行为、生化指标和肾脏和肝脏组织的组织学结构的所有观察到的变化。研究结果表明，尼罗罗非鱼饲料中添加 TUR 可能有助于减轻 LCT 和/或 MTM 的负面影响，还可以支持尼罗罗非鱼的肾脏和肝脏健康，是一种有前途的水产养殖饲料添加剂。
