Department of Nutrition division, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China.
Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medical, Hangzhou, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 22;13:915490. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915490. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to investigate the contribution of body composition including skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and body fat mass (BFM) to longitudinal growth among children and adolescents aged 6-11 years old.
This cohort study was conducted from the annual health examination between 2019 and 2020. Annual height gain and weight gain and changes in SMM and BFM were calculated and compared between sexes, different nutritional status, and growth curve shifting mode. Spearman analyses and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to identify the impact of SMM, BFM, or body mass index (BMI) on height gain.
Of the 584 subjects, the annual height gains of boys (4.76 cm in the 6-9-year group and 4.63 cm in the 10-11-year group) were significantly lower than those of girls (5.48 and 5.74 cm, respectively). Spearman analysis showed that SMM gain and height gain were positively and significantly correlated in each examination of all children ( = 0.535 for boys and 0.734 for girls, < 0.001). Conversely, BFM and height gains were negatively ( = -0.5240 for boys and -0.232 for girls, < 0.001) correlated. Multiple linear regression analysis identified SMM gain as an independent predictor (95% CI: 1.20,1.44) of height gain after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, BFM gain, and percentage of body fat (PBF).
SMM gains, rather than BFM gains, were associated with height gains in children and adolescents aged 6-11 years. Monitoring SMM changes in routine healthcare might motivate children and adolescents to achieve dietary and exercise recommendations, thereby growing taller without gaining excessive weight.
本研究旨在探讨体成分（包括骨骼肌量[SMM]和体脂肪量[BFM]）对 6-11 岁儿童青少年纵向生长的贡献。
本队列研究于 2019 年至 2020 年期间进行年度健康检查。计算并比较了男女之间、不同营养状况和生长曲线转移模式之间的年身高增长、体重增长以及 SMM 和 BFM 的变化。采用 Spearman 分析和多元线性回归分析，以确定 SMM、BFM 或体质指数（BMI）对身高增长的影响。
在 584 名受试者中，男孩的年身高增长（6-9 岁组为 4.76cm，10-11 岁组为 4.63cm）明显低于女孩（分别为 5.48cm 和 5.74cm）。Spearman 分析显示，在所有儿童的每次检查中，SMM 增长与身高增长呈正相关（男孩为 0.535，女孩为 0.734，均<0.001）。相反，BFM 与身高增长呈负相关（男孩为-0.5240，女孩为-0.232，均<0.001）。多元线性回归分析确定 SMM 增长是身高增长的独立预测因素（95%CI：1.20，1.44），在调整年龄、性别、BMI、BFM 增长和体脂百分比（PBF）后。
在 6-11 岁儿童青少年中，SMM 增长而不是 BFM 增长与身高增长相关。在常规医疗保健中监测 SMM 变化可能会激励儿童和青少年实现饮食和运动建议，从而在不增加体重的情况下长高。
