Oldenbroek J Kor, Windig Jack J
Centre for Genetic Resources, The Netherlands and Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands, Netherlands.
Front Genet. 2022 Jul 14;13:907411. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.907411. eCollection 2022.
Shortly after the introduction of cryo-conserved semen in the main farm animal species, gene banks were founded. Safeguarding farm animal genetic diversity for future use was and is the main objective. A sampling of sires was based on their pedigree and phenotypic information. Nowadays, DNA information from cryo-conserved sires and from animals in the living populations has become available. The combination of their DNA information can be used to realize three opportunities: 1) to make the gene bank a more complete archive of genetic diversity, 2) to determine the history of the genetic diversity from the living populations, and 3) to improve the performance and genetic diversity of living populations. These three opportunities for the use of gene bank sires in the genomic era are outlined in this study, and relevant recent literature is summarized to illustrate the great value of a gene bank as an archive of genetic diversity.
在主要家畜物种中引入冷冻保存精液后不久，基因库就建立起来了。保护家畜遗传多样性以供未来使用一直是主要目标。种公牛的采样基于它们的系谱和表型信息。如今，来自冷冻保存种公牛以及现存群体中动物的DNA信息已经可得。它们DNA信息的结合可用于实现三个机会：1）使基因库成为更完整的遗传多样性档案库，2）确定现存群体遗传多样性的历史，3）提高现存群体的性能和遗传多样性。本研究概述了在基因组时代利用基因库种公牛的这三个机会，并总结了相关近期文献以说明基因库作为遗传多样性档案库的巨大价值。
