Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2022;89(2):733-743. doi: 10.3233/JAD-220274.
The co-occurrence of apathy and executive dysfunction, a correlate of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), is highly prevalent, yet facilitating factors are largely unknown.
This study investigates the relationship between lipid peroxidation, apathy, and executive dysfunction in patients at risk for VCI.
In participants with coronary artery disease, who are at a high risk of VCI, apathy (Apathy Evaluation Scale), and executive function (composite z-score based on age and education population norms from trails making test B, animal naming, and phonemic fluency tests) were assessed. Serum concentrations of an early (lipid hydroperoxide (LPH)) and late (8-isoprostane (8-ISO)) lipid peroxidation marker, were measured and the 8-ISO/LPH ratio was calculated.
Participants (n = 206, age±SD = 63.0±7.5, 80% men, total years of education = 15.9±3.4, AES score = 28.3±8.8, executive function = 0±1) demonstrated significantly different 8-ISO/LPH ratios between groups (F(3, 202) = 10.915, p < 0.001) with increasing levels in the following order: no apathy or executive dysfunction, only executive dysfunction (executive function composite score≤-1), only apathy (AES≥28), and both apathy and executive dysfunction. A model adjusting for demographics showed that lipid peroxidation was associated with both apathy (B(SE) = 4.63 (0.954), t = 4.852, p < 0.001) and executive function (B(SE) = -0.19 (0.079), t = -2.377, p = 0.018). However, when controlling for both demographics and vascular risk factors, lipid peroxidation was associated with only apathy (B(SE) = 3.11 (0.987), t = 3.149, p = 0.002).
The results highlight a potentially important involvement of lipid peroxidation in the co-occurrence of apathy and executive dysfunction in those at risk for VCI.
冷漠和执行功能障碍同时出现，这与血管性认知障碍（VCI）密切相关，但促进因素在很大程度上尚不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨冠心病患者脂质过氧化、冷漠和执行功能障碍之间的关系，这些患者患 VCI 的风险较高。
在患有冠心病的参与者中，他们患 VCI 的风险很高，评估了冷漠（冷漠评估量表）和执行功能（基于轨迹制作测试 B、动物命名和语音流畅性测试的年龄和教育人口标准的综合 z 分数）。测量了早期（脂质氢过氧化物（LPH））和晚期（8-异前列腺素（8-ISO））脂质过氧化标志物的血清浓度，并计算了 8-ISO/LPH 比值。
参与者（n=206，年龄±标准差=63.0±7.5，80%男性，总受教育年限=15.9±3.4，AES 评分=28.3±8.8，执行功能=0±1）在以下组之间表现出明显不同的 8-ISO/LPH 比值（F（3,202）=10.915，p<0.001），其顺序为：无冷漠或执行功能障碍、仅有执行功能障碍（执行功能综合评分≤-1）、仅有冷漠（AES≥28）和冷漠和执行功能障碍同时存在。调整人口统计学因素的模型显示，脂质过氧化与冷漠（B（SE）=4.63（0.954），t=4.852，p<0.001）和执行功能（B（SE）=0.19（0.079），t=-2.377，p=0.018）均相关。然而，当同时控制人口统计学和血管危险因素时，脂质过氧化仅与冷漠相关（B（SE）=3.11（0.987），t=3.149，p=0.002）。
结果突出了脂质过氧化在 VCI 高危人群中冷漠和执行功能障碍同时发生中的潜在重要作用。
