Division of Biokinetics, Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2023 Aug;23(8):1463-1471. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2111277. Epub 2022 Aug 23.
This study is governed by two aims: firstly, expanding the meagre knowledge store regarding the demands set by professional female road cycling and, secondly, ascertaining whether these demands vary in relation to different race-levels and race duration (single- or multi-day events). A total of 1349 female professional road races was analysed and demands (intensity, load and performance) were determined. Races were classified based on race level (i.e. Women's World Tour [WWT], level.1 and level.2 according to the International Cycling Federation) and race duration (single- or multi-day events). Differences were assessed with a multilevel random intercept model whilst the strength of said differences were indicated by Cohen's (0-0.19 trivial; 0.20-0.59 small; 0.60-1.1.9 moderate; 1.20-1.99 large; ≥2.00 very large). In general, no differences for load and intensity were noted for the different race levels. This result contrasts with data obtained from male road cycling. higher 3 and 5 min maximal mean power (MMP) values were noted in the WWT compared to Level.2 races. More substantial differences were found to exist between single- and multi-day races with single-day races presenting to higher load and intensity values. In addition, single-day races presented higher MMPs overall durations (5 s-60 min) although these differences can be rated to . This study contributes to the limited knowledge store describing demands in professional female cycling. The reported data provide valuable insights which may aid practitioners and/or coaches in preparing female professional cyclists for races.Within female professional cycling, some differences were noted in the demands (load, intensity and performances) set by different race levels. However, (in general), these differences were to , which contrasts with male professional cycling.More pronounced differences were noted in the demands set by single- and multi-day races. The load (Work done, eTRIMP and TSS) was to higher in single-day races. Differences in load are primarily caused by a combination of higher duration and higher intensity.No differences in performance measures (i.e MMPs) were noted for different race levels or between single- and multi-day races.
首先，扩大对职业女性公路自行车运动需求的了解；其次，确定这些需求是否因不同的比赛级别和比赛持续时间（单日或多日赛）而有所不同。共分析了 1349 名职业女性公路自行车赛，并确定了需求（强度、负荷和表现）。比赛根据比赛级别（即国际自行车联盟的女子世界巡回赛[WWT]、1 级和 2 级）和比赛持续时间（单日或多日赛）进行分类。使用多层随机截距模型评估差异，并用科恩（0-0.19 微小；0.20-0.59 小；0.60-1.1.9 中；1.20-1.99 大；≥2.00 非常大）表示差异的强度。一般来说，不同比赛级别之间的负荷和强度没有差异。这一结果与从男子公路自行车赛中获得的数据形成对比。在 WWT 中，3 分钟和 5 分钟最大平均功率（MMP）值高于 2 级比赛。单日赛和多日赛之间存在更大的差异，单日赛的负荷和强度值更高。此外，单日赛的总负荷和强度值更高（5 秒-60 分钟），尽管这些差异可以评为中等。本研究有助于扩大对职业女性自行车运动需求的了解。所报告的数据提供了有价值的见解，可能有助于从业者和/或教练为女性职业自行车手准备比赛。在女性职业自行车运动中，不同比赛级别对需求（负荷、强度和表现）的设定存在一些差异。然而，（一般来说），这些差异很小，与男子职业自行车运动形成对比。在单日赛和多日赛之间，需求差异更为明显。单日赛的负荷（做功、eTRIMP 和 TSS）更高。单日赛的负荷较高主要是由于持续时间较长和强度较高的综合作用。不同比赛级别或单日赛和多日赛之间的表现指标（即 MMPs）没有差异。
