Division of Biokinetics, Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch,South Africa.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022 Apr 11;17(7):1070-1076. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0488. Print 2022 Jul 1.
Maximal mean power output (MMP) is commonly used to describe the demands and performances of races in professional male cycling. In the female professional cyclist domain, however, there is limited knowledge regarding MMPs in races. Therefore, this study aimed to describe MMPs in female professional cycling races while investigating differences between TOP5 and NOT-TOP5 races.
Race data (N = 1324) were collected from 14 professional female cyclists between 2013 and 2019. Races were categorized as TOP5 or NOT-TOP5. The MMPs were consequently determined over a range of different time frames (5 s to 60 min). To provide these MMPs with additional context, 2 factors were determined: when these MMPs were attained in a race (based on duration and kilojoules spent [kJspent·kg-1]) and these MMPs relative to the cyclist's season's best MMP (MMP%best).
Short-duration power outputs (≤1 min) were higher in TOP5 races compared with NOT-TOP5 races. In addition, the timing (both duration and kJspent·kg-1) of all MMPs was later and after more workload in the race in TOP5 compared with NOT-TOP5 races. In contrast, no difference in MMP%best was noted between TOP5 and NOT-TOP5 races.
TOP5 races in female cycling are presented with higher short-duration MMPs (≤1 min) when compared with NOT-TOP5 races, and cyclists were able to reach a higher percentage of their seasonal best MMP when they were able to finish TOP5. In addition, these MMPs are performed later and after more kJspent·kg-1 in TOP5 versus NOT-TOP5 races, which confirms the importance of "fatigue resistance" in professional (female) cycling.
最大平均功率输出（MMP）常用于描述职业男性自行车赛的比赛需求和表现。然而，在女性职业自行车运动员领域，对于比赛中的 MMP 知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在描述女性职业自行车比赛中的 MMP，并研究 TOP5 比赛和非 TOP5 比赛之间的差异。
收集了 2013 年至 2019 年间 14 名职业女性自行车运动员的比赛数据（N=1324）。比赛分为 TOP5 和非 TOP5。随后，在不同的时间范围内（5 秒至 60 分钟）确定 MMP。为了为这些 MMP 提供更多背景信息，确定了 2 个因素：根据持续时间和消耗的焦耳数确定在比赛中何时达到这些 MMP（基于持续时间和消耗的焦耳数），以及这些 MMP 相对于运动员赛季最佳 MMP 的百分比（MMP%best）。
TOP5 比赛中的短时间（≤1 分钟）功率输出高于非 TOP5 比赛。此外，与非 TOP5 比赛相比，TOP5 比赛中所有 MMP 的时间（持续时间和消耗的焦耳数）更晚，在比赛中完成更多工作量后才达到。相比之下，TOP5 和非 TOP5 比赛之间的 MMP%best 没有差异。
与非 TOP5 比赛相比，女性自行车的 TOP5 比赛中表现出更高的短时间（≤1 分钟）MMP，当运动员能够获得 TOP5 时，他们能够达到更高的赛季最佳 MMP 百分比。此外，与非 TOP5 比赛相比，TOP5 比赛中这些 MMP 表现得更晚，消耗的焦耳数更多，这证实了“抗疲劳”在职业（女性）自行车运动中的重要性。
