Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol. 2022 Summer;71(2):93-101.
The aim is to characterize in more detail the group of HIV-positive persons in the Czech Republic diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in 2000-2020.
Data sources were mainly the national online TB register (RTBC), which is part of the information system of the Public Health Service, and the national electronic register of HIV-positive persons (RHIV) maintained by the National Reference Laboratory for HIV/AIDS of the National Institute of Public Health.
Of 3,763 TB cases reported to the RHIV since 1985 and 16,212 TB cases reported to the RTBC since 2000, 91 occurred in 88 HIV-positive persons (69 males and 22 females) between 2000 and 2020. Sixty-five (74%) of the 88 HIV-positive persons were foreign born. Twenty-six per cent of TB cases were screened for HIV. The mean age of patients with TB/HIV coinfection was 35 years. The largest number of coinfected persons (35 cases) were from the capital city of Prague. Pulmonary TB was detected in 84 cases. Ninety-two per cent of the TB cases were bacteriologically confirmed, and 10 cases were multidrug-resistant TB. At the time of TB diagnosis, the median CD4+ lymphocyte count was 91.5 cells per mm3 of blood. TB was the most common reason for HIV testing in the analysed cohort (23 cases). The most common mode of HIV transmission was sexual intercourse (heterosexual in 39 cases and homosexual in 13 cases). Treatment success at 12-month follow-up was only recorded in 32% of cases of culture-positive pulmonary TB in HIV-positive patients.
TB/HIV co-infection remains a serious health concern, especially in the foreign-born residents of the Czech Republic. Of foreign-born persons with TB, 42% were tested for HIV over the 21-year study period, with their percentage increasing over the years. Almost 6% of them tested HIV positive. The most relevant finding is that treatment success was only recorded for less than one third of HIV-positive persons with culture-positive pulmonary TB and that every fourth patient with TB/HIV died before or during TB treatment.
更详细地描述 2000 年至 2020 年在捷克共和国被诊断患有结核病（TB）的艾滋病毒阳性人群。
数据来源主要是国家在线结核病登记处（RTBC），它是公共卫生服务信息系统的一部分，以及国家艾滋病毒阳性者电子登记处（RHIV），由国家公共卫生研究所国家艾滋病毒/艾滋病参考实验室维护。
自 1985 年以来，向 RHIV 报告了 3763 例结核病病例，自 2000 年以来，向 RTBC 报告了 16212 例结核病病例，其中 91 例发生在 2000 年至 2020 年期间的 88 名艾滋病毒阳性者（69 名男性和 22 名女性）中。88 名艾滋病毒阳性者中有 65 名（74%）为外国出生。26%的结核病病例接受了 HIV 筛查。合并感染结核病/艾滋病毒的患者的平均年龄为 35 岁。感染人数最多的是首都布拉格的 35 例。发现肺结核 84 例。92%的结核病病例经细菌学证实，10 例为耐多药结核病。在诊断结核病时，中位 CD4+淋巴细胞计数为每毫米 3 血液 91.5 个细胞。在分析队列中，结核病是 HIV 检测的最常见原因（23 例）。HIV 传播的最常见方式是性接触（异性恋 39 例，同性恋 13 例）。在接受治疗的 12 个月时，仅记录了 HIV 阳性患者培养阳性肺结核的 32%治疗成功。
结核病/艾滋病毒合并感染仍然是一个严重的健康问题，特别是在捷克共和国的外国出生居民中。在过去 21 年的研究中，42%的结核病外国出生者接受了 HIV 检测，而且他们的比例逐年增加。其中近 6%的人 HIV 检测呈阳性。最相关的发现是，只有不到三分之一的培养阳性肺结核的 HIV 阳性者记录了治疗成功，每四个结核病/艾滋病毒患者中有一个在结核病治疗之前或期间死亡。
