Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 9;12(1):13585. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17786-9.
The Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) is one of the most commercially important pelagic fishes in Asia-Pacific countries. The oceanographic environment, especially the Oyashio Current, significantly affects the distribution of Pacific saury, and may lead to variations in their migration route and the formation of fishing grounds in Japanese coastal region and the high seas. In this study, six oceanographic factors, sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (SSC), sea surface salinity (SSS), sea surface height (SSH), mixed layer depth (MLD), and eddy kinetic energy (EKE), were associated with the monthly catch per unit effort 1 (monthly CPUE, ton/vessel) and the monthly CPUE (ton/day) of Pacific saury from Chinese fishing vessels during the optimal fishing periods (September-November) in 2014-2017. The gradient forest analysis showed that the performance of monthly CPUE was higher than monthly CPUE and SST was the most important oceanographic factor influencing monthly CPUE, followed by EKE. The generalized additive model indicated that SST, SSH, and EKE negatively affected monthly CPUE, whereas SSC, SSS, and MLD induced dome-shaped increases in monthly CPUE. The distributions of fishing locations are likely to form along Offshore Oyashio current and meanders, especially in October and November. Synchronous trends in the relationship between the intrusion area of the Oyashio and relative abundance variation index suggest that an increase in the intrusion area of the Oyashio causes more Pacific saury to migrate to the Japanese coastal region, and vice versa. These findings extend our understanding of the effects of the oceanographic environment on Pacific saury.
太平洋沙丁鱼（Cololabis saira）是亚太国家最重要的商业性远洋鱼类之一。海洋环境，尤其是亲潮，对太平洋沙丁鱼的分布有重要影响，可能导致其洄游路线和日本沿海及公海渔场的形成发生变化。本研究将 6 个海洋要素，即海面温度（SST）、海面叶绿素 a 浓度（SSC）、海面盐度（SSS）、海面高度（SSH）、混合层深度（MLD）和涡动能（EKE），与 2014-2017 年中国渔船在最佳捕捞期（9-11 月）的单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE，吨/艘）和月 CPUE（吨/天）进行了关联分析。梯度森林分析表明，月 CPUE 的表现优于月 CPUE，SST 是影响月 CPUE 的最重要海洋要素，其次是 EKE。广义加性模型表明，SST、SSH 和 EKE 对月 CPUE 有负向影响，而 SSC、SSS 和 MLD 呈钟形增加月 CPUE。捕捞地点的分布可能沿亲潮离岸流和弯曲处形成，特别是在 10 月和 11 月。亲潮入侵区与相对丰度变化指数之间的关系呈同步趋势，表明亲潮入侵区的增加导致更多的太平洋沙丁鱼洄游到日本沿海地区，反之亦然。这些发现扩展了我们对海洋环境对太平洋沙丁鱼影响的认识。
