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第一作者独揽功劳?让作者更明显、更透明、无偏见地获得认可的解决方案。

The first author takes it all? Solutions for crediting authors more visibly, transparently, and free of bias.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.

出版信息

Br J Soc Psychol. 2023 Oct;62(4):1605-1620. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12569. Epub 2022 Aug 9.

Abstract

With the seventh edition of the publication manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), the APA style now prescribes bias-free language and encourages accessibility even to non-academic audiences. However, even with the newest guidelines, the way we credit authors in psychology remains anachronistic, intransparent, and prone to conflict. It still relies on a sequence-determines-credit approach in the byline, which concurrently is contradicted by the option to consider the last author as the position of the principal investigator depending on the field or journal. Scholars from various disciplines have argued that relying on such norms introduces a considerable amount of error when stakeholders rely on articles for career-relevant decisions. Given the existing recommendations towards a credit-based system, ignoring those issues will further promote bias that could be avoided with rather minor changes to the way we perceive authorship. In this article, we introduce a set of easy-to-implement changes to the manuscript layout that value contribution rather than position. Aimed at fostering transparency, accountability, and equality between authors, establishing those changes would likely benefit all stakeholders in contemporary psychological science.

摘要

随着《美国心理协会出版手册》(APA)第七版的出版,APA 风格现在规定了无偏见语言,并鼓励即使是非学术受众也能使用。然而,即使有了最新的指导方针,我们在心理学中给作者署名的方式仍然是过时的、不透明的,并且容易引发冲突。它仍然依赖于作者署名中的顺序决定信用的方法,而这种方法同时又与根据领域或期刊将最后一位作者视为主要研究员职位的选择相矛盾。来自不同学科的学者认为,当利益相关者依赖文章做出与职业相关的决策时,这种依赖规范会引入相当大的错误。鉴于现有的基于信用的系统建议,如果我们不解决这些问题,将会进一步加剧偏见,而通过对我们对作者身份的看法进行一些微小的改变就可以避免这些偏见。在本文中,我们引入了一套易于实施的手稿布局更改,这些更改重视贡献而不是职位。旨在促进透明度、问责制和作者之间的平等,如果做出这些更改,可能会使当代心理科学的所有利益相关者受益。

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