An unusual presentation of recurrent COVID-19 associated systemic capillary leak syndrome in a patient with multi-system inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) due to prior COVID-19 infection: Case report and literature review.

INTRODUCTION

and importance: Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) are very rare multifactorial etiology disorders associated with COVID-19 infection. Both conditions are thought to be manifested by the inflammatory state induced by COVID-19 infection. Recurrent COVID-19-associated concomitant/successive manifestations of both disorders have not been reported yet.

CASE PRESENTATION

We report a 38-year-old Asian gentleman who presented initially with fever, cough, shortness of breath, body aches, dizziness, and epigastric pain due to COVID-19 infection. A few days before this presentation, the same patient developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A). Later, based on clinical and laboratory investigations, he was diagnosed with new-onset systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS). Despite resuscitative measures, the patient passed away.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

The increased risk of inflammatory complications associated with COVID-19 infection is an emerging concern. Our case report signifies the importance of COVID-19 awareness in less educated and underserved areas with fewer information resources. Rare and fatal manifestations should also be advertised and discussed with the general masses with equal emphasis.

CONCLUSION

This case signifies the importance of understanding the pathophysiology of new-onset systemic capillary leak syndrome in a patient with recurrent COVID-19 infection and utilizing clinical knowledge and decision-making to manage such rare and complex disorders.