Reiter Andrew M, Roach Gregory D, Sargent Charli
Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
J Sleep Res. 2023 Apr;32(2):e13683. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13683. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
Transition to night shift may be improved by strategically delaying the main sleep preceding a first night shift. However, the effects of delayed timing on sleep may differ between chronotypes. Therefore, the study aim was to compare the impacts of chronotype on sleep quality and architecture during a normally timed sleep opportunity and a delayed sleep opportunity. Seventy-two (36 female, 36 male) healthy adults participated in a laboratory study. Participants were provided with a normally timed sleep opportunity (23:00-08:00) and a delayed sleep opportunity (03:00-12:00) over two consecutive nights in a sleep laboratory. Sleep was monitored by polysomnography (PSG), and chronotype was determined from dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). A tertile split of DLMO defined early (20:24 ± 0:42 h), intermediate (21:31 ± 0:12 h), and late chronotype (22:56 ± 0:54 h) categories. Although there was no main effect of chronotype on any sleep measure, early chronotypes obtained less total sleep with delayed sleep than with normally timed sleep (p = 0.044). Intermediate and late chronotypes obtained more rapid eye movement (REM) sleep with delayed sleep than with normally timed sleep (p = 0.013, p = 0.012 respectively). Wake was more elevated for all chronotypes in the later hours of the delayed sleep opportunity than at the start of the sleep opportunity. Strategically delaying the main sleep preceding a first night shift appears to benefit intermediate and late chronotypes (i.e., more REM sleep), but not early chronotypes (i.e., less total sleep). Circadian processes appear to elevate wakefulness for all chronotypes in the later stages of a delayed sleep opportunity.
通过策略性地推迟首次夜班前的主要睡眠时间，可能会改善向夜班工作的过渡。然而，延迟睡眠时间对睡眠的影响可能因昼夜节律类型而异。因此，本研究的目的是比较昼夜节律类型对正常睡眠时间机会和延迟睡眠时间机会下睡眠质量和结构的影响。72名（36名女性，36名男性）健康成年人参与了一项实验室研究。参与者在睡眠实验室连续两晚分别获得正常睡眠时间机会（23:00 - 08:00）和延迟睡眠时间机会（03:00 - 12:00）。通过多导睡眠图（PSG）监测睡眠，并根据暗光褪黑素开始时间（DLMO）确定昼夜节律类型。DLMO的三分位数划分定义了早（20:24 ± 0:42小时）、中（21:31 ± 0:12小时）和晚昼夜节律类型（22:56 ± 0:54小时）类别。虽然昼夜节律类型对任何睡眠指标均无主效应，但与正常睡眠时间相比，早昼夜节律类型在延迟睡眠时获得的总睡眠时间更少（p = 0.044）。中、晚昼夜节律类型在延迟睡眠时比正常睡眠时间获得更多的快速眼动（REM）睡眠（分别为p = 0.013，p = 0.012）。与睡眠开始时相比，在延迟睡眠时间机会的后期，所有昼夜节律类型的觉醒水平都更高。策略性地推迟首次夜班前的主要睡眠时间似乎对中、晚昼夜节律类型有益（即更多的REM睡眠），但对早昼夜节律类型无益（即总睡眠时间更少）。在延迟睡眠时间机会的后期，昼夜节律过程似乎会提高所有昼夜节律类型的清醒程度。
