Department of Nutrition, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
Eur J Nutr. 2023 Feb;62(1):239-249. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02960-6. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
Given the high consumption of seaweed soup by pregnant and lactating Korean women, concerns have been raised about excessive iodine intake. We evaluated the effects of maternal iodine intake on maternal thyroid function and birth outcomes. We also evaluated iodine intake via seaweed soup during late pregnancy and the early postpartum period.
A total of 349 pregnant women of the Ideal Breast Milk cohort were recruited in late pregnancy, of whom 302 revisited after delivery. Three-day dietary records were assessed at each visit. Blood was collected for thyroid function test. Obstetrical and birth outcomes were obtained.
The median dietary iodine intake was 459 μg/day (interquartile range [IQR] 326.5-647.4 μg/day) during pregnancy. Dietary iodine intake by quartile was not significantly associated with maternal thyroid status, or obstetrical or neonatal outcomes. However, the dietary iodine intake in the early postpartum period was 1759 μg/day (IQR 1026.7-2491.1 μg/day) because of a marked increase in seaweed soup consumption. Of all women, 25.8% consumed seaweed soup more than once over the 3 days of dietary records when pregnant, but the figure rose to 93.4% postpartum. Of postpartum women who consumed seaweed soup daily, the median dietary iodine intakes were 1355, 2394, and 3063 μg/day (soup at one, two, and three-or-four meals).
In these iodine-replete pregnant women, dietary iodine intake during pregnancy showed no effect on maternal thyroid function or birth outcomes. However, iodine intake in the early postpartum period was markedly increased by the frequency of seaweed soup consumption.
鉴于韩国孕妇和哺乳期妇女大量食用海藻汤，人们对碘摄入过量的问题表示担忧。本研究旨在评估母体碘摄入量对母体甲状腺功能和分娩结局的影响。同时，我们还评估了孕妇晚期和产后早期通过食用海藻汤摄入的碘量。
本研究共招募了 349 名理想母乳队列的孕妇，其中 302 名孕妇在分娩后再次接受了随访。在每次就诊时评估了 3 天的饮食记录。采集血液进行甲状腺功能检查。收集产科和分娩结局。
怀孕期间的膳食碘摄入量中位数为 459μg/天（四分位距 [IQR] 326.5-647.4μg/天）。按 quartile 划分的膳食碘摄入量与母体甲状腺状态或产科及新生儿结局均无显著相关性。然而，由于海藻汤摄入量的显著增加，产后早期的膳食碘摄入量为 1759μg/天（IQR 1026.7-2491.1μg/天）。在所有孕妇中，25.8%的孕妇在怀孕时的 3 天饮食记录中食用了不止一次海藻汤，但这一比例在产后上升至 93.4%。在产后食用海藻汤的女性中，每日食用海藻汤的中位数碘摄入量分别为 1355、2394 和 3063μg/天（每餐食用 1、2 和 3-4 份汤）。
在这些碘充足的孕妇中，怀孕期间的膳食碘摄入量对母体甲状腺功能或分娩结局没有影响。然而，通过食用海藻汤的频率，产后早期的碘摄入量明显增加。
