Hayes L W, Krasselt W G, Mueggler P A
Clin Chem. 1987 Jun;33(6):806-8.
We measured morphine and codeine in commercially available poppy seeds and in serum and urine samples from healthy adults who had ingested these poppy seeds. Four brands of black poppy seeds, examined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) with deuterated internal standards, contained from 17 to 294 micrograms of morphine and 3 to 14 micrograms of codeine per gram of seeds. Morphine was detected by GC-MS in hydrolysates of serum as late as 24 h after ingestion, with a maximum mean concentration of 100 ng/mL (range 82-131) measured 2 h after the subjects ingested 25 g of seeds. Opiates were detectable (greater than 300 micrograms/L) in urine by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay (EMIT; Syva Co.) and by radioimmunoassay screening procedures for as long as 48 h after ingestion. The identity and quantities of morphine and codeine in poppy seed extracts and in hydrolysates of serum and urine were confirmed by GC-MS. Therefore a positive finding of morphine or codeine in blood and urine may sometimes be due to ingestion of poppy seeds.
我们测定了市售罂粟籽以及食用了这些罂粟籽的健康成年人血清和尿液样本中的吗啡和可待因。通过带有氘代内标的气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）检测的四个品牌的黑色罂粟籽，每克种子中含有17至294微克吗啡和3至14微克可待因。在摄入后长达24小时的血清水解物中通过GC - MS检测到吗啡，在受试者摄入25克种子后2小时测得的最大平均浓度为100纳克/毫升（范围82 - 131）。通过酶联免疫分析（EMIT；Syva公司）以及放射免疫分析筛查程序，在摄入后长达48小时的尿液中均可检测到阿片类物质（大于300微克/升）。通过GC - MS确认了罂粟籽提取物以及血清和尿液水解物中吗啡和可待因的身份和含量。因此，血液和尿液中吗啡或可待因的阳性检测结果有时可能是由于摄入罂粟籽所致。
