休闲活动与痴呆风险：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Leisure Activities and the Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
机构信息
From the Peking University Sixth Hospital (S.S., L.S., Y.S., X.H., A.Z., J.Q., X.S., J.D., L.L.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital); Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research (Y.Z., L.L.), Peking University, Beijing; and National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence (J.S., Y.B.), Peking University, China.
出版信息
Neurology. 2022 Oct 10;99(15):e1651-e1663. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000200929.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Leisure activities are major components of modifiable and healthy lifestyles and are proposed to help prevent the development of dementia. This study aimed to assess the effects of different types of leisure activities, including cognitive, physical, and social activities, on the incidence of all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD).
METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify longitudinal studies that examined associations between leisure activities and dementia. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were used to estimate potential effect modifiers. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019116857).
RESULTS
A total of 38 longitudinal studies, with 2,154,818 participants at baseline, 74,700 ACD cases, 2,848 AD cases, and 1,423 VD cases during follow-up, were included in the meta-analysis. The subgroup analyses showed that physical (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.88), cognitive (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.68-0.87), and social (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.87-0.99) activities were associated with a decreased incidence of ACD. In addition, physical (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.78-0.96) and cognitive (RR 0.66; 95% CI 0.52-0.85) activities were related to a reduced risk of AD. Physical activity (RR 0.67; 95% CI 0.53-0.85) was associated with a lower incidence of VD.
DISCUSSION
Our findings suggest that leisure activities are inversely associated with a risk of ACD, AD, and VD.
背景与目的
休闲活动是可改变和健康生活方式的重要组成部分，被认为有助于预防痴呆的发生。本研究旨在评估不同类型的休闲活动，包括认知、身体和社交活动，对全因痴呆（ACD）、阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VD）的发病风险的影响。
方法
我们对 Cochrane、PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定研究休闲活动与痴呆之间关联的纵向研究。使用随机效应荟萃分析汇总相对风险（RR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。进行亚组分析以估计潜在的效应修饰剂。该研究已在 PROSPERO（CRD42019116857）注册。
结果
共纳入 38 项纵向研究，共有 2154818 名参与者在基线时，74700 例 ACD 病例，2848 例 AD 病例和 1423 例 VD 病例在随访期间。荟萃分析显示，身体（RR 0.83，95%CI 0.78-0.88）、认知（RR 0.77；95%CI 0.68-0.87）和社交（RR 0.93；95%CI 0.87-0.99）活动与 ACD 的发生率降低相关。此外，身体（RR 0.87；95%CI 0.78-0.96）和认知（RR 0.66；95%CI 0.52-0.85）活动与 AD 的发病风险降低相关。身体活动（RR 0.67；95%CI 0.53-0.85）与 VD 的发生率降低相关。
讨论
我们的研究结果表明，休闲活动与 ACD、AD 和 VD 的发病风险呈负相关。
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