Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mental Health Centre, Northern Zealand, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur Psychiatry. 2022 Aug 11;65(1):e46. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2300.
Childhood maltreatment is an established risk factor for incident unipolar disorder and bipolar disorder. It is separately observed that affective disorders (AD) are also associated with higher nucleoside damage by oxidation. Childhood maltreatment may induce higher levels of nucleoside damage by oxidation and thus contribute to the development of AD; however, this relation is only sparsely investigated.
In total, 860 participants (468 patients with AD, 151 unaffected first-degree relatives, and 241 healthy control persons) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The association between CTQ scores and markers of systemic DNA and RNA damage by oxidation as measured by urinary excretion of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo) levels, respectively, was investigated.
In multiple regression models adjusted for sex- and age, 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGuo levels were found to be higher in individuals who had experienced more childhood maltreatment. These associations persisted in models additionally adjusted for body mass index, alcohol, and current smoking status. Emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional neglect were principally responsible for the foregoing associations.
Our findings of an association between childhood maltreatment and oxidative stress markers suggest that childhood maltreatment overall, notably emotional abuse and emotional neglect, is associated with enhanced systemic damage to DNA and RNA in adulthood. Further, individuals with AD reported a higher prevalence of childhood maltreatment, which may induce higher levels of nucleoside damage by oxidation in adulthood, possibly leading to increased risk of developing AD. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this relationship further.
儿童期虐待是单相和双相障碍发病的既定风险因素。另外，人们还观察到，情感障碍（AD）也与氧化引起的核苷损伤增加有关。儿童期虐待可能会导致氧化引起的核苷损伤增加，从而导致 AD 的发生；然而，这种关系仅得到了很少的研究。
共有 860 名参与者（468 名 AD 患者、151 名未受影响的一级亲属和 241 名健康对照者）完成了童年创伤问卷（CTQ）。研究了 CTQ 评分与系统性 DNA 和 RNA 氧化损伤标志物（分别通过尿液中 8-氧代-7,8-二氢-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-oxodG）和 8-氧代-7,8-二氢鸟苷（8-oxoGuo）水平的排泄来测量）之间的关系。
在调整了性别和年龄的多元回归模型中，经历过更多儿童期虐待的个体 8-oxodG 和 8-oxoGuo 水平更高。这些关联在另外调整了体重指数、酒精和当前吸烟状况的模型中仍然存在。情感虐待、性虐待和情感忽视主要导致了上述关联。
我们发现儿童期虐待与氧化应激标志物之间存在关联的结果表明，总体而言，儿童期虐待，特别是情感虐待和情感忽视，与成年后全身 DNA 和 RNA 的损伤增加有关。此外，AD 患者报告了更高的儿童期虐待发生率，这可能导致成年后氧化引起的核苷损伤增加，从而增加患 AD 的风险。需要进行纵向研究来进一步阐明这种关系。
