Wildlife Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Ltd., South Africa and Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriscience, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies and Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2022 Jun;93(1):8-15.
The study compared immobilisation of blesbok () with etorphine and azaperone vs etorphine and midazolam. Twelve female blesbok, weighing 59.4 ± 2.8 kg, were used. Each animal randomly received Treatment 1 (T1) (etorphine, 0.07 ± 0.003 mg/kg + azaperone, 0.36 ± 0.02 mg/kg) and Treatment 2 (T2) (etorphine, 0.07 ± 0.003 mg/kg + midazolam, 0.20 ± 0.01 mg/kg) with a one-week washout period between treatments. Induction times were recorded followed by physiological monitoring for 45 minutes of immobilisation. Immobilisation was reversed with naltrexone (20 mg per mg etorphine). Recovery times were also recorded. Induction, immobilisation and recovery were scored with subjective measures. Inductions and recoveries did not differ between combinations, but the quality of immobilisation was significantly better with T1. Rectal temperature and blood pressure were significantly lower during T1. Both treatments resulted in severe hypoxaemia and impaired gas exchange, although overall hypoxaemia was more pronounced for T1. Animals treated with T2, however, exhibited a deterioration in respiration as the monitoring period progressed, possibly as a result of impaired ventilatory muscle function due to the effects of midazolam. Both combinations are suitable for adequate immobilisation of blesbok and should be selected based on the specific capture situation. Supplementation with oxygen is highly recommended.
本研究比较了用依托啡和阿扎哌隆（azaperone）固定黑羚与用依托啡和咪达唑仑（midazolam）固定黑羚的效果。12 只体重为 59.4±2.8kg 的雌性黑羚被用于实验。每只动物随机接受两种处理（Treatment）之一：处理 1（T1）（依托啡 0.07±0.003mg/kg+阿扎哌隆 0.36±0.02mg/kg）和处理 2（T2）（依托啡 0.07±0.003mg/kg+咪达唑仑 0.20±0.01mg/kg），两种处理之间间隔一周。记录诱导时间，然后进行 45 分钟的麻醉监测。用纳曲酮（naltrexone）（每毫克依托啡 20 毫克）逆转麻醉。同时记录苏醒时间。用主观指标评估麻醉诱导、麻醉维持和苏醒。两种组合的诱导和苏醒时间没有差异，但 T1 的麻醉维持效果更好。T1 时直肠温度和血压明显较低。虽然 T1 组的整体低氧血症更明显，但两种处理都导致了严重的低氧血症和气体交换受损。然而，用 T2 处理的动物在监测期间呼吸恶化，可能是由于咪达唑仑的作用导致呼吸肌功能受损所致。两种组合都适合对黑羚进行充分的麻醉，应根据具体的捕获情况选择。强烈建议补充氧气。
