Cao Yang, Feng Zhanlian, Mor Vincent, Du Peng
School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Labor and Social Security, RTI International, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.
J Aging Soc Policy. 2023 Sep 3;35(5):648-666. doi: 10.1080/08959420.2022.2110806. Epub 2022 Aug 11.
Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2005 to 2014, this study estimated the prevalence and examined risk factors of under-met needs and completely unmet needs for assistance in activities of daily living (ADLs) among community-living older people with disability in China. As of 2014, over 50% of community-living Chinese elders with disability experienced under-met needs, and nearly 5% had completely unmet needs. From 2005 to 2014, the proportion with completely unmet needs doubled for all disabled elders. Significant risk factors of under-met needs included lower per capita annual household income, more ADL limitations, living alone, and fewer living children, and those of completely unmet needs included less ADL limitations and living alone. More policy attention should be paid to address the gap between long-term care services for older persons with severe disability and supportive services for those who are relatively healthy, toward ultimately establishing a care continuum for the elderly at all stages of their life course. In addition, family care for elders with severe functional impairments should be supplemented by professional long-term care services to best meet their needs.
基于2005年至2014年的中国老年健康长寿纵向调查，本研究估计了中国社区居住的残疾老年人日常生活活动（ADL）中未得到充分满足的需求和完全未得到满足的需求的患病率，并对其风险因素进行了研究。截至2014年，超过50%的社区居住的中国残疾老年人存在需求未得到充分满足的情况，近5%的老年人需求完全未得到满足。从2005年到2014年，所有残疾老年人中需求完全未得到满足的比例翻了一番。需求未得到充分满足的显著风险因素包括家庭人均年收入较低、ADL受限较多、独居以及子女数量较少，而需求完全未得到满足的风险因素包括ADL受限较少和独居。应更加重视政策，以弥合重度残疾老年人长期护理服务与相对健康老年人支持性服务之间的差距，最终建立老年人生命历程各阶段的连续护理体系。此外，对于功能严重受损的老年人，家庭护理应辅以专业的长期护理服务，以最好地满足他们的需求。
